What if the Problem, Like Rheumatic Heart Disease from
Staphylococcal & Streptococcal Pharyngeal Infections, is the
Antibody Response?

Fleming RM* and Fleming MR

doi:10.23880/hij-16000206

Haematology International Journal Research Article 1 min read

What if the Problem, Like Rheumatic Heart Disease from Staphylococcal & Streptococcal Pharyngeal Infections, is the Antibody Response?

Fleming RM* and Fleming MR^*

^* Corresponding author

ISSN: 2578-501X 10.23880/hij-16000206 Received: November 25, 2022 Published: December 06, 2022

— views

6 references

PDF

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Inflammothrombotic antibody response

Abstract

It has long been established that rheumatic heart disease (RHD) following staphylococcal & streptococcal infections is due to antibodies [1] produced in response to the bacterial infection. These antibodies represent an InflammoThrombotic Response (ITR) to the bacteria [2], an ITR that later damages the mitral and aortic valves which appear antigentically similar to the bacteria. This can result in damage to the valves and long term-term consequences; viz. RHD.

References

Wheat LJ, Kohler RB, Tabbarah ZA, White A (1981) IgM antibody response to staphylococcal infection. J Infect Dis 144(4): 307-311.
Fleming RM (1999) The Pathogenesis of Vascular Disease (Chapter 64) Textbook of Angiology. John C. Chang Editor, Springer-Verlag New York, NY, pp: 787- 798.
Jaume M, Yip MS, Cheung CY, Leung HL, Li PH, et al. (2011) Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike antibodies trigger infection of human immune cells via a pH- and cysteine protease-independent FcgR pathway. J Virol 85(20): 10582-10597.
Chien PC, Cohen S, Kleeberger C, Giorgi J, Phair J, et al. (2002) High levels of antibodies to the CD4 binding domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 glycoprotein 120 are associated with faster disease progression. J Infect Dis 186(2): 205-213.
Fleming RM, Fleming MR (2021) FMTVDM Quantitative Nuclear Imaging finds Three Treatments for SARS-CoV-2. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res 33(4): 26041-26083.
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA authorizes first oral antiviral for treatment of COVID-19. https:// www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/ coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-first-oral- antiviral-treatment-covid-19

← Previous Article The Red Blood Cell Not Only for Colour Identity but with Complex Material Properties Next Article → Knowledge of Premarital Genotype Screening Among Women Receiving Care at a Tertiary Centre in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

What if the Problem, Like Rheumatic Heart Disease from Staphylococcal & Streptococcal Pharyngeal Infections, is the Antibody Response?

References

Cite this article