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The kidney and urinary bladder are traditionally considered distinct components of the urinary system, with the kidney responsible primarily for filtration and homeostasis and the …

Serum creatinine remains one of the most widely used indicators of kidney function, but its limitations have become increasingly recognized. Creatinine concentrations may remain wi…

Background: Post-COVID condition (Long COVID) is clinically heterogeneous and may include neurological, autonomic, sleep-related, respiratory, constitutional, and neuropsychiatric …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires repeated assessment of kidney function, cardiovascular status, fluid balance, physical activity, and treatment response. Conventional monitori…

Digital communication technologies have transformed the ways in which extremist ideologies emerge, spread, and interact with broader online ecosystems and this is true especially …

The emergence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) uropathogens—including Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)producing Enterobacteriaceae and Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (…

Healthcare is undergoing a paradigm shift from Disease centred treatment toward Person-centred care. The rising prevalence of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), Mental Healt…

Urology has traditionally relied heavily on symptom-driven consultation, diagnostic testing after disease becomes clinically apparent, and treatment directed toward established pat…

Chronic kidney disease (CKD), whether secondary to diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or glomerulonephritis, has historically been treated with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibit…

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires repeated assessment of kidney function, cardiovascular status, fluid balance, physical activity, and treatment response. Conventional monitori…

The human microbiome has emerged as an important component of health and disease, with growing evidence that microbial communities may influence the urinary tract, kidneys, immune …

The growing scientific interest in Ayurveda presents an important opportunity to investigate traditional approaches to health using contemporary research methods. However, moderniz…

Natural and Ayurvedic medicine represents a substantial body of accumulated knowledge concerning health, disease prevention, diet, lifestyle, medicinal plants, and individualized a…

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) care has traditionally focused on disease classification, laboratory monitoring, medication management, and prevention of kidney failure. Although thes…

Kidney transplantation is universally recognized as the gold standard therapy for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), delivering vastly superior survival, cardiovascular risk reductio…

The modernization of Ayurvedic medicine increasingly depends on the generation of scientific evidence concerning its formulations, procedures, and therapeutic claims. Evidence, how…

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a heterogeneous and progressive condition characterized by substantial variation in its causes, rates of progression, treatment responses, and long-…

The growing international use of Ayurvedic medicines has increased the need for reliable information about the origin, processing, quality, and movement of herbal materials through…

Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed solid malignancy in men globally. For decades, routine serum Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) screening generated a massive epi…

Metabolic disorders have become major global health concerns, with obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and associated chronic diseases increasingly linke…

Progressive kidney injury is frequently recognized only after measurable deterioration in glomerular filtration or urine output has occurred. Serum creatinine and urine output rema…

The growing interest in Ayurvedic medicine has increased the need for clinical evidence that is transparent, reproducible, and meaningful to patients and healthcare professionals. …

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly influencing modern healthcare by enabling the analysis of large and complex clinical datasets. Nephrology is particularly suitable for…

Climate change is increasingly influencing human health through heat exposure, changing infectious-disease patterns, food insecurity, environmental degradation, and disruption of h…

Ayurvedic medicine has traditionally employed combinations of multiple herbs rather than relying exclusively on single botanical agents. These polyherbal formulations are designed …

Cellular senescence has emerged as an important biological process linking ageing, chronic inflammation, tissue dysfunction, and several age-associated diseases. Although senescent…

Herbal medicines are often investigated as though the identity of a medicinal plant alone determines its therapeutic properties. However, the biological characteristics of a herbal…

Background: Recurrent urinary symptoms such as dysuria, urgency, frequency, nocturia, and bladder discomfort can fluctuate considerably between clinical visits. Conventional assess…

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) has fundamentally transformed modern urological oncology over the past two decades. In high-income healthcare systems, robotic platform…

Vantrapushpi (Podophyllum hexandrum Royle syn. P.emodi Wall. Ex Hook.f. and Thoms.) is an endangered and valuable medicinal plant, distributed in the Himalayan zone at an altitude …