COVID 19 in Children
Corona is a common viral disease that can be transmitted between humans and different types of animals, meaning it can be transmitted between different races and types of living organisms. It is characterized as having broad-spectrum disease symptoms that differ from one patient to another in their severity and type. In the last months of 2019, a storm of infection with the Corona virus appeared in the Chinese city of Wuhan, with symptoms that were almost different in severity and led to deaths in some infections. The virus was characterized by its rapid spread among people, which surprised researchers, doctors and people in that city and in China in general. Which challenged Chinese researchers and scientists to investigate the type and nature of the causative agent, so they were able to diagnose Corona virus (Cove 2).
COV.19 Susceptible Age of children
In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) emerged in China and has spread globally, creating a pandemic. Information about the clinical characteristics of infected patients who require intensive care is limited.
The 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been responsible for more than 54000 000 infections and 1,200 000 deaths worldwide, but data regarding the epidemiologic characteristics and clinical features of infected children are limited [1, 2].
The largest study so far, published in pediatrics J. included analysis of 2,143 children with COVID-19 documented from Jan. 16 to Feb. 8 in China. It found that symptoms of the disease were generally less severe in children and teens compared with adults. Specifically, 4.4 percent had no symptoms, 50.9 percent had mild disease and 38.8 percent had moderate symptoms of the children with symptoms, only 0.6 percent developed acute respiratory distress syndrome or multiple organ dysfunction. Of note, however, young children— particularly infants under one year of age—had a higher risk for significant illness. Ten percent of infants had severe disease, compared with 3 percent of teens over age 15.
How likely are children to get coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Although all children can be infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 They are not as frequent as adults. Children rarely encounter serious illnesses from COVID-19. Although there have been many large-scale outbreaks around the world, few children have died. According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), between February 12 and April 2, of the nearly 150,000 COVID-19 cases in the United States, only 2500, or 1.7%, were children. This is similar to outbreaks in other countries such as China and Italy. The
hospitalization rate of children is much lower than that of adults.
However, people of any age with certain underlying diseases (such as type 2 diabetes) have a higher risk of serious illnesses from COVID-19. In addition, children with congenital heart disease, genetic diseases, or diseases that affect the nervous system or metabolism are also at higher risk of serious illnesses from COVID-19. Discuss with them what happened and assure them that most situations are mild. Your child will get tips from you, so it’s also important to stay calm.
Why do children react differently to COVID-19?
The answer is unclear. Some experts suggest that children may not be severely affected by COVID-19 because there are other coronaviruses that spread in the community and cause illness, such as the common cold. Since children often catch colds, they may have antibodies to protect them against COVID-19. Children’s immune systems may also interact differently with adults’ immune systems. Some adults get sick because their immune system seems to overreact to the virus, causing more damage to their bodies. This may be unlikely to occur in children.
Although rare, children under 1 year old (infants) have a higher risk of serious illness from COVID-19. This may be due to their immature immune system and small respiratory tract, which makes them more susceptible to respiratory problems caused by respiratory viral infections. Between late December and early February, more than 2,100 children with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 in China were studied, and the results showed that less than 11% of infants had serious or severe illnesses.
In contrast, the prevalence of severe or severe illness is about 7% for children aged 1 to 5 years, 4% for children 6 to 10 years old, 4% for children 11 to 15 years old, and 3% for children 16 years and older. New born babies may be infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 when they come into contact with sick caregivers during or after delivery. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends special care for new born to women who have confirmed or suspected COVID-19. This may include temporarily separating the mother from the new born to reduce the risk of infecting the baby, monitoring the baby for signs of infection, and, if available, testing the new born for COVID-19.
Do children and adults have different symptoms of COVID-19?
When you see some mild symptoms on your son or daughter and feel or suspect that these symptoms are similar to those of COVID 19, you should take quick steps to isolate your child in a special room where all the comforts and conditions of health are available and prevent contact with him from the rest of the family and tell his or her doctor or health care providers and following the procedures recommended by the World Health Organization COVID-19 symptoms in children Children and adults experience similar symptoms of COVID-19, while children’s symptoms tend to be mild and cold. Most children will recover within one to two weeks. Their symptoms may include: fever Runny nose cough fatigue Muscle pain Vomiting diarrhoea. When children and adolescents get COVID-19, their symptoms seem to be milder than adults. Among the American population under 19, almost no one is hospitalized. Studies have shown that more than 90% of sick children have mild to moderate cold-like symptoms, including: fever Runny nose cough Vomiting diarrhoea. Some children and adolescents have been admitted to the hospital due to childhood multiple system inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) or pediatric multiple system inflammatory syndrome (PMIS).
References
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World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): situation report — 50.
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Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, Liang W, Ou C, et al. (2020) Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 382: 1708-1720.
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CDC COVID-19 Response Team (2020) Severe outcomes among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)—United States, February 12–March 16, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 69(12): 343-369.
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Ng Y, Li Z, Chua YX, Chaw WL, Zhao Z, et al. (2020) Evaluation of the effectiveness of surveillance and containment measures for the first 100 patients with COVID-19 in Singapore—January 2–February 29, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 69: 307-311.
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The Novel Coronavirus Emergency Response Epidemiology Team (2020) The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19)—China, 2020. China CDC Weekly 2: 113-22.
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