ISSN: 2578-5044
Authors: Abebe B, Debelo M and Bakala S
On December 31, 2019, a novel coronavirus outbreak caused cough, fever, and dyspnea with ARDS in residents of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. Later, it spread throughout the world, affecting not only livelihood but also the economy and social fabric. Scientists from different continents were involved in the discovery of its vaccine, and many vaccines were produced. As a result, the goal of this work is to examine the various potential vaccines for SARS-COV-2 virus and COVID-19 associated disease, as well as their immunological aspects. a new coronavirus that was later dubbed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. By its nature, this virus is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that contains a spiral or circular genome inside of its crown-like structure. Spike proteins, which are structural proteins found in viruses, play an important role in virus entry into the host cell. Following entry, the virus replicated in the cell, causing the immune system to become overly responsive, potentially leading to organ and system failure. Although the first coronavirus outbreak occurred two decades ago, no effective vaccine was developed. However, following the virus’s outbreak, a large number of scientists, clinicians, and researchers were mobilized to develop vaccines in an unprecedented time frame. Owing to their urgent need, some vaccines are licensed with minor side effects. Therefore, vaccine safety and efficacy should be assured prior to approval for emergency use. Since vaccine development and sustainability have faced virus mutation, regular virus genome sequencing and analysis should be recommended to combat the upcoming viral infection.
Keywords: China; Covid-19; Sars-Cov-2; mRNA; Protein Subunit; Covid Vaccine
