ISSN: 2639-2119
Authors: Tolera M*
This study investigates the Oromo-Amhara ethnic conflicts in Gidda Ayana and Kiramu districts of North-Eastern Wallagga, with a focus on integrating instrumentalist and primordialist theories. The objective is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the conflicts by examining the interplay between instrumentalist motivations, such as breaches of contractual agreements over land and differing interpretations of constitutional rights, and primordial expressions, including the crystallization of ethnic identities and historical resentments. The methodology employed in this study involves a combination of qualitative research methods, including literature review, analysis of historical documents, and interviews with key stakeholders from both the Oromo and Amhara communities. The findings reveal that the conflicts are driven by a complex interaction between instrumentalist and primordialist factors, with resource interests and power dynamics playing a significant role in shaping ethnic relations. The study underscores the malleability of ethnic relations in response to shifting resource interests and power dynamics, demonstrating the utility of ethnicity in these contexts. Based on the findings, the study recommends, first promoting dialogue and reconciliation between the Oromo and Amhara communities is crucial to foster understanding and peaceful coexistence. Second, addressing land disputes through fair and transparent mechanisms can help alleviate tensions. Third, enhancing economic opportunities for both communities can mitigate resource competition. Fourth, strengthening governance and the rule of law is essential to ensure equal representation and address grievances. Fifthly, promoting cultural understanding and appreciation can counter historical resentments. Lastly, supporting community-based conflict resolution mechanisms to facilitate sustainable conflict resolution and peace building efforts.
Keywords: Ethnic Conflict; Primordialism; Instrumentalism; Human Security
