ISSN: 2577-4050
Authors: Rashmi P* and Harish V
Marine microbes are defined by their habitat as microorganisms living in the sea or ocean. The term “marine microbes” includes viruses, protozoa and fungi. This microbial life constitutes 70% To 90% of marine biomass. More than 15000 bioactive compounds have been isolated from marine fungi, and other organisms and used as anti-inflammatory, and anticancer leads. Among the microorganisms of marine, bacteria are the least explored ones. Marine actinobacteria have adapted to high hydrostatic pressure, high concentration of Sodium Chloride, low concentration of organic matter, and low temperature. The phylum actinobacteria is a Gram-positive, nonmotile, and aerobic bacteria. Streptomyces and Actinomycetes are studied largely in this phylum due to their ability to produce a wide array of extracellular enzymes and secondary metabolites. Examples of active compounds isolated from Streptomyces include Fijimycins, etamycin A, Chlorinated bisindole pyrroles, and dynamics A–E. There may be diverse extremo enzymes hidden in the shadows that are currently unknown and, if discovered, may open up interesting new methods for the production and use of novel antimicrobials. In pharmaceutical research, a very small fraction of such organisms is studied. If discovered may open up interesting new ingenious, and cost-effective methods for the production and use of many novel anti-microbials.
Keywords: Marine Bacteria; Actinobacteria; Extremophile; Firmicutes; Proteobacteria
