ISSN: 2577-4379
Authors: Junaid M, Rehman F, Afaq, Shoaib M, Uzair M, Saeed A, Mazhar MW* and Irfan M
Hepatitis E, caused by the Hepatitis E virus, is a highly contagious disease that poses a global health risk. It is often underestimated and misdiagnosed, despite affecting billions worldwide. HEV has emerged as a global pathogen, with cases reported in both developing and advanced countries. Outbreaks arise when individuals consume water that is contaminated in regions lacking adequate sanitation measures.Factors like population density and limited access to clean water contribute to these outbreaks. Hepatitis E prevalence varies by region, with Africa having the highest rates. Underdeveloped countries have emerging cases of HEV-1 and HEV-2, while developed countries face HEV-3 and HEV-4. In Pakistan, people with weak immune defense systemshave a maximum chance of being affected by HEV. However, the chances of HEV infection in immune people are minimal. The acceptance of contagious food, close contact with infected animals, and blood transfusions are also reasons for HEV transmission. Identification of infected individuals can be challenging due to asymptomatic cases. Treatment mainly involves supportive measures, although severe cases may require ribavirin. A natural recovery without treatment is also possible.
Keywords: HEV; Open Reading Frames (ORFs); Extrahepatic Manifestations; Ribavirin
