ISSN: 2574-187X
Authors: Mohd Muzaffer Hussain*, Sehareesh Fathima and Gullapally Vignesh
Nanoparticles, defined as particles ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers, exhibit unique physical and chemical properties, distinct from their larger counterparts. Found widely in nature, nanoparticles have become the focus of interdisciplinary studies, including chemistry, physics, geology, and biology. This diverse class includes non-spherical shapes like prisms, rods, and cubes, with gold, silver, and platinum nanoparticles gaining significance for their optical properties. The exploration of nanoparticles began in the 1950s, evolving into practical applications such as drug delivery systems pioneered by Tatzkenitz Bangham in the mid-1960s, introducing liposomes. Various types of nanoparticles, including carbon-based, ceramic, metal, semiconductor, polymeric, and lipid nanoparticles, have been classified based on size, morphology, and physical properties. The role of nanoparticles in treating neurodegenerative disorders is promising, leveraging their unique features for targeted drug delivery, diagnostic imaging, antioxidant properties, gene therapy, biosensors for early detection, and neuroregeneration support. Despite the advantages, nanoparticles come with challenges such as biocompatibility concerns, potential toxicity, complex manufacturing processes, and regulatory hurdles. However, ongoing research aims to address these limitations, making nanoparticles a forefront technology in therapeutic interventions.
Keywords: Nanoparticles; Neuroregeneration; Metal Nanoparticles; Neurodegenerative
