ISSN: 2578-4838
Authors: Eberendu IF*, Ifeanyichukwu GC and Obianozie TI
Anemia during pregnancy continues to be a major health concern in Imo State and Nigeria. Globally, 41.8% - 60.0% of pregnant women experience anemia, and Nigeria has a prevalence rate of 55.1%. This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to May 2023 and involved 250 pregnant women who attended antenatal care at Nwaorieubi Comprehensive Health Center in Mbaitoli LGA, Imo State. The objective of this study was to gain insights into factors related to anemia, as well as prevention and control measures within the context of antenatal care. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire and by examining hemoglobin measurements from health records. Descriptive analysis was performed to determine means, frequencies, and proportions, while regression analysis (p<0.05) with odds ratios and a 95% confidence interval was used to explore associations. The prevalence of anemia during pregnancy was found to be 61%. The analysis revealed various factors contributing to anemia, including inadequate intake of vitamins, financial constraints, limited availability of antenatal care, lack of utilization of prenatal care services, gaps in awareness, cultural and social barriers, genetic conditions, and the occurrence of multiple pregnancies. Regression analysis highlighted significant correlations (p < 0.05) between inadequate intake of vitamins, underutilization of prenatal care, cultural and social barriers, genetic conditions, and multiple pregnancies. In terms of participant demographics, the descriptive analysis categorized participants into the following age groups: 15-22 (39 participants), 23-30 (90 participants), 31-39 (103 participants, 41%), and 40-49 (18 participants, 7%). It is worth noting that all participants in this study were married and identified as Christian. In order to raise awareness about the risk of developing anemia in late pregnancy, it is recommended that reproductive advice and education be provided to all women of reproductive age. Interventions such as mass media campaigns, outreach education, and life skills programs should be implemented to educate women on the importance of actively participating in antenatal care, adhering to prescribed medications, consuming a diverse range of nutritious meals, and incorporating iron-rich foods into their diets during pregnancy.
Keywords: Prevalence; Anaemia; Pregnant Women; Antenatal Clinic
