ISSN: 2578-5001
Authors: Umer AA*
Leptospirosis is a globally important zoonotic disease caused by the pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Leptospira. The disease occurs in nearly all mammalian species and it is more common in the tropical regions because of the longer survival organism in the environment. In contaminated environment frequent exposure to animals and humans indicate one health approaches. It caused by numerous serovars of leptospira interrogans that belong to the genus Leptospira. Leptospira interrogans is not the only serovar that resembles the disease, which affects almost all mammalian species. The primary reservoir animals are known as rats and mice. Direct human transmission through exposed mucosal membranes and damaged skin to the urine of infected animals. The laboratory testing on various animal species do not significantly alter the clinical indications of leptospirosis. The best control for the disease are vaccination, quarantine, and rodent management. Tropical regions with warm, humid weather and alkaline or neutral soil are better suited for leptospira survival. Applying effective control measures and raising public awareness of leptospirosis zoonotic transmission is recommended. Concerned body should involve in supporting the study of the leptospirosis situation in deprived nations, such as Ethiopia.
Keywords: Leptospirosis; Leptospira; Zoonosis; Rodent; One Health
