ISSN: 2642-6145
Authors: Khandakar B* and Khandakar H
Immunotherapy-associated liver injury (IALI) is a significant clinical concern that poses diagnostic and management challenges in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). As the use of ICIs expands across various cancer types, it becomes increasingly important for healthcare professionals, researchers, and medical students specializing in oncology and immunotherapy to understand the pathological features of IALI. This understanding is crucial in effectively diagnosing and managing this condition. IALI typically presents as lobular hepatitis characterized by a mixed inflammatory infiltrate consisting predominantly of T lymphocytes, which often correlates with the clinical severity of liver damage. The inflammatory process may lead to hepatocyte necrosis, cholestasis, and sometimes bridging fibrosis, suggesting an autoimmune-like hepatitis. Notably, granulomatous inflammation has also been observed. This mini-review highlights the recent insights into the histopathological manifestations, mechanisms, and differential diagnosis of IALI, providing you with the knowledge and tools to address this clinical concern.
Keywords: Pathology; ICI-Induced Liver Injury; Management; Histopathological
