ISSN: 2577-4328
Authors: Jamil K*, Chaitanya N, Zaid A, Saiqa MA, Irfana and Fatima B
Background: Sepsis is a severe life-threatening state of infection with a high incidence in clinical settings and is one of the most common causes of hospitalization and deaths in the Critical Care Unit (CCU). The current research work was carried out to investigate the aetiology and pathophysiology of sepsis in the in-patients of Mahavir Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. This study aims to identify clinical and protein biomarkers that can effectively diagnose and predict the risk outcomes of sepsis in hospitalized patients. Patients and Methods: Observations are based on 20 case studies of patients including male and female subjects. All the parameters studied were investigated using standard protocols by collecting blood samples from the patients and estimating blood and clinical parameters and the protein markers such as procalcitonin (PCT), D-Dimer and C-Reactive Protein (CRP), which are considered as important biomarkers of sepsis. Demographic details were collected in a questionnaire and tabulated. Results: This study identified several clinical parameters and protein biomarkers that were significantly associated with sepsis. It was found that key biomarkers had elevated levels of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and specific cytokines. Additionally, clinical parameters such as heart rate, respiratory rate, and white blood cell count were found to be critical indicators. The combination of these biomarkers provided a robust model for the early diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis. The results demonstrated that PCT rapidly rises in almost all tested patient’s blood. Further correlation with demographic parameters and the disease's etiology across various stages revealed that some of these proteins could serve as significant biomarkers for the early detection of sepsis. Conclusion: The identification of these clinical and protein biomarkers offers valuable insights into the pathophysiology of sepsis and can enhance early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies. Further validation in larger, diverse cohorts is warranted to confirm these findings and facilitate their integration into clinical practice.
Keywords: Sepsis; Biomarkers; Etiology; Epidemiology; Procalcitonin; CRP; D-Dimer; Prognosis; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS); Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)
