ISSN: 2578-4633
Authors: Diouf MT*, Mingou JS, Fall Y, Sene K, Ndiaye M, Lamine LYM, Niang SS, Faye PA, Fall G, Mbaye ASY, Timera D, Fatou AW, Bodian M and Kane A
Introduction: Heart failure is a chronic disease that is one of the public health priorities of the World Health Organization. It represents the leading cause of unplanned hospitalizations. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic and evolutionary aspects of patients with heart failure admitted to the cardiology department of the Dalal Jamm national hospital. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study with descriptive and analytical aims over a period of 15 months from January 1, 2021 to March 31, 2022 at the cardiology department of Dalal Jamm National Hospital. The study focused on patients with heart failure, aged 18 years and above, hospitalized in the cardiology department during the study period. The data were analyzed using RStudio 4.6 software. Result: The prevalence of HF was 50.2%. The sex ratio was 0.64 and the mean age was 58.35±15.04 years. Fifty-two-point six percent (52.6%) of patients had a low socioeconomic level. Age was the most frequently found cardiovascular risk factor (80.3%). Dyspnea was the most common reason for consultation (95.8%). Decompensation factors were dominated by infections found in 20.4% of cases. The main electrocardiographic abnormalities were left ventricular hypertrophy and atrial fibrillation. Sixty percent of patients had heart failure with impaired ejection fraction. The etiologies of HF were dominated by dilated cardiomyopathy found (43.4%) followed by ischemic heart disease 25% and valvular heart disease 19.6%. Complications were noted in 6.3% including the occurrence of cardiogenic shock. The evolution was fatal in 13.1%. The causes of death were dominated by cardiogenic shock in 75% of cases. At discharge, 80.2% of patients were referred for day hospitalization. The average duration of hospitalization in the department was 8.77 ± 5.9 days (Figure 2). After 3 months of discharge 83.22% of patients were still stable, 11.30% were re-hospitalized and 5.5% died. Conclusion: Heart failure patients admitted to the cardiology department of the Dalal Jamm national hospital center are mostly women, the most common pathology is dilated cardiomyopathy and hospital mortality remains high.
Keywords: Heart Failure; Evolution; Dakar
