Hazard Analysis and Safety Design of Manned Spacecraft Capsule Leakage

Authors: Li W*

DOI: 10.23880/oaja-16000140

Volume 2, Issue 2

Abstract

The primary goal of manned spacecraft is to ensure the safety of personnel in orbit. If space debris collides with the sealed cabin during in orbit operation, it may cause a dangerous event of sealed cabin leakage. The rapid decrease in total pressure caused by the leakage of the sealed cabin directly threatens the life safety of astronauts and belongs to an emergency major malfunction. In response to the leakage of the sealed cabin of manned spacecraft after impact, the influence of multiple factors on the leakage process of the sealed cabin of manned spacecraft was analyzed. An emergency response system with the main goal of astronaut crew safety was established, and technical measures were proposed to control the pressure loss of the sealed cabin of manned spacecraft under limited resource conditions and ensure the safety of the astronaut crew. Research has shown that the diameter of leakage holes is the main influencing factor of pressure loss in sealed cabins, and in orbit gas supply and personnel protection are important safety measures. Taking a manned spacecraft with a pressurized cabin volume of 400m³ as an example, if the diameter of the leakage hole is 20mm, and 0.05MPa is used as the environmental pressure survival lower limit, the emergency response cannot exceed 9000s (150min); if the oxygen content is 19.5%, the emergency response cannot exceed 12000s (200min).

Keywords: Manned Spacecraft; Space Debris; Fault Handing; Risk Analysis

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