The Morphological Effect of Cisplatin Drug on Cancer Cells. Implications for Breast Cancer Treatment

Authors: Mohamed M A E L Salem* and Dauda AM

DOI: 10.23880/act-16000321

Volume 9, Issue 4

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a proliferating form of breast cancer where there are no oestrogen, progesterone or HER2 receptors, and it comprises about 10–20% of all breast cancer. TNBC also has higher rates of recurrence, increased metastatic potential and is harder to treat because there are no targeted therapies available. Chemotherapy especially agents such as cisplatin remains a foundation of TNBC treatment, but chemoresistance is a clinical issue. This paper reports the cytotoxic and anti-migratory activity of cisplatin on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and the emergence of cisplatin resistance. We also report that longer-term cisplatin treatment drastically reduces cell viability, and IC50 values decrease from approximately 1M after 24 hours to 0.08 M after 48 hours. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin also slows cell migration (the wound closure of MDA-MB-231 cells decreases by 40% in response to cisplatin). But the rise of cisplatin-resistant phenotypes and accompanying morphological changes indicating EMT points towards targeted strategies to overcome resistance. These findings point to cisplatin’s dual cytotoxic and anti-metastatic action and point to resistance mechanisms being addressed to enhance the outcome of TNBC patients

Keywords: Breast Cancer; Cisplatin Drug; Morphological Effect

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