Current Improvements to the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Definition

Authors: Eroglu A

DOI: 10.23880/accmj-16000246

Volume 10, Issue 1

Abstract

ARDS was first described with cases in 1967 and it became a broad agenda with 4 basic criteria determined at the American- European Consensus conference in 1994, and then it reached its peak with the Berlin Definition in 2012, with effects that continue to this day. However, later on, the definition was moved to a better level with objections to the Berlin definition and remarkable new recommendations. However, remarkable new recommendations after Berlin brought its definition to a better level. An attempt was made to better define it with many biomarkers in blood and broncho alveolar lavage. It was recommended to define ARDS Specific Marker (ASM) and ARDS Severity Score (ASS), which could help determine its severity and mortality. Although there is no definitive treatment, many recommendations have been made for its management. Low tidal volume ventilation, prone position and High-Flow Nasal Oxygen (HFNO) application to non-intube patients have remained important in management over a long period of time. PEEP titration, negative fluid balance, non-invasive ventilation, use of muscle relaxants and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) applications were also discussed on a patient-by-patient basis. Despite improvements in definition and management, the mortality rate of it still remains high. There continues to be a need for new studies and methods regarding the definition and management of ARDS.

Keywords: ARDS; Berlin Definition; Management

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