Neuro-Ophthalmological Evaluation in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Authors: Maria Caceres Toledo C* , Caceres Toledo O , Miranda Palacio G , Villegas Albarran G and Osmin Tamargo Barbeito CT

DOI: 10.23880/oajo-16000332

Volume 10, Issue 1

Abstract

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory, demyelinating disease that affects the central nervous system. Objective. To evaluate the evolution of retinal and optic nerve ophthalmological manifestations in Multiple Sclerosis. Method. A prospective, descriptive, longitudinal study was carried out in a series of patients with MS, referred to the Neuroophthalmology clinic of the “Hermanos Ameijeiras” Hospital in the period from June 2021 to September 2022. Results. The average age was 43.1 years, with a predominance of the female sex (76.3%). The predominant clinical form was Relapsingremitting (76.3%). Psychophysical studies (BCVA, CV test, CV) were normal in most cases except for contrast sensitivity (CS), detecting a significant decrease in the average values in the annual evolutionary study, especially in cases with greater clinical severity of the disease. OCT showed a decrease in the ganglion cell layer (OD. 42.1 and LE. 44.7%) and in the RNFL (26.3% in OA). Conclusions. In the series studied, women in the fourth decade of life with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis predominated. The annual follow-up of neuro-ophthalmological manifestations in patients with multiple sclerosis behaved in a stable manner, with no modifications detected in the psychophysical studies and diagnostic means except for the significant decrease in contrast sensitivity.

Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis; Neuro-Ophthalmological Study; Contrast Sensitivity

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