Eye Trauma: Epidemiological, Clinical and Prognostic Aspects atthe Garoua Regional Hospital

Authors: Bra Eyatcha Bimingo N* , Souleymanou K , Njoya Marea J , Balkissoua D , Dohvomab DA and Al. Bellab

DOI: 10.23880/oajo-16000334

Volume 10, Issue 1

Abstract

Introduction: Eye trauma represents a frequent reason for consultation in ophthalmology. It is a major cause of monocularblindness. Purpose: describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of ocular trauma at the GarouaRegional Hospital.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective collection from January 1, 2019 to December 31,2023. All patients with ocular trauma with complete files were included. The analysis was done using the SPSS26.0 software.Results: We collected 13,127 patient records including 689 cases of ocular trauma, giving a prevalence of 5.2%. The agespanned 1 to 83 years with a mean of 26.2 ± 14.8 years. The Male/Female sex ratio was 2.4. The consultation delay of 24 to 72hours was dominant in 33.6% (n=217). Work accidents dominated in 38.2% (n=247). Metallic objects were incriminated in13.8% (n=90). Contusion was the predominant type of trauma in 41.4% (n=275) and closed eye trauma accounted for 85.1%.Eyes with OTS (Ocular Trauma Score) 1 were the most represented in 6.9% of eyes (n=46). A poor prognosis was found in24.6% of male patients and 5.1% of female patients, respectively a ratio (bad/good) M= 0.5 and ratio (bad/good) F= 0.2 (pvalue=0.004). After treatment, 14.1% (n=87) of eyes had a visual acuity of ˂1/20, with. 9.9% in males and 4.2% in females.Conclusion: The prevalence of ocular trauma is 5.2% at Garoua Regional Hospital. Raising awareness about preventivemeasures, especially in the workplace, can reduce the risk of blindness.

Keywords: Eye Trauma; Contusion; Blindness

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