Etiology and Prescription Errors of Myocardial Infarction in Different Health Care Systems of Azad Kashmir

Authors: Kafauit F , Saleem N , Latif A , Khurshid A , Razzaq M , Zahir J and Ullah I

DOI: 10.23880/apct-16000254

Volume 9, Issue 4

Abstract

A heart attack (MI), is a serious medical disaster that arises when blood supply to the heart is abruptly obstructed mainly due to blood clots. Blockage damages the heart muscle. Common signs of heart attack are chest pain or discomfort, difficulty breathing, swelling in the legs or abdomen, fatigue, and a bluish tint to the skin (cyanosis). Risk factors e.g. smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis & family history increase likelihood of MI. Early detection is critical, using diagnostic tools like (ECG, troponin tests & imaging techniques. Treatments include blood thinners, thrombolytics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and statins. In Azad Kashmir, MI is the most noteworthy etiological factor of illness and mortality in spite of advancements in heart care. The region faces unique challenges, including a high prevalence of risk factors, inconsistent healthcare practices, and frequent prescription errors. The study reviewed 100 MI prescriptions from regional public healthcare facilities, focusing on drug interactions, dosages, treatment frequency, and duration. The analysis revealed several issues, with the most common error being missing treatment frequency (31.25%), followed by missing doses (25%). Drug-drug interactions were also significant, with pharmacodynamic interactions being the most frequent (36.84%), followed by synergistic (33.08%), antagonistic (27.82%), and pharmacokinetic interactions (2.26%). These outcomes highlight the pressing need for directed interventions to reduce prescription errors and improve MI care. Addressing healthcare inconsistencies, resource limitations, and gaps in professional training can help enhance treatment outcomes. This study provides valuable insights for public health planning & policy-making to manage heart attacks better and reduce their impact in resource-limited settings like AJK.

Keywords: Myocardial Infarction (MI); Prescription Errors; Drug-Drug Interactions; Cardiovascular Risk Factors’ Public Health Interventions; Resource-Limited Setting

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