Diabetes & Obesity International Journal (DOIJ)
ISSN: 2574-7770
Research Article
Synergistic Effect of Combined Leaf Extract of Vernonia
amygdalina, Ocimum gratissimum, and Zingiber officinale Tuber
on Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant Activity, Serum Insulin, and
Biochemical Parameters in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors:
Famakinwa EA
,
Oladosu MA
,
Abah MA
,
Ebuehi OA
,
Dele Osibanjo TA
,
Afuape AR
,
Aning Dei EA
,
Boluwatife JK
,
Oyedemi D
and
Agbo OS
DOI:
10.23880/doij-16000297
Abstract
The use of poly-herbal therapy, which involves achieving maximum therapeutic efficacy against several diseases by combining various substances from different plant sources, has received substantial attention for several decades. This research aimed at investigating the synergistic effect of combined leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina, Ocimum gratissimum, and Zingiber officinale tuber on phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, Serum Insulin, and Biochemical Parameters in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats There were four equal groups of sixteen albino rats. Plaque therapy was administered to Group 2 (diabetic control) and Group 1 (normal control), respectively. For 28 days, groups 3 and 4 of the diabetes tests were given metformin and a combination of Vernonia amygdalina, Ocimum gratissimum, and Zingiber Officinael extracts at a dosage of 400mg/kg b. w., respectively. Blood and pancreas were taken when the animals were sacrificed for hematological and histological evaluations, as well as for serum glucose, insulin, liver function, renal function, electrolytes, and histopathology studies. A considerable rise in the animals' body weight (p<0.05) was observed as a result of both the combined extracts and metformin. Similarly, following 28 days of therapy with the combination extract, compared to the diabetic control group, serum glucose levels dropped significantly (p<0.05). A notable increase (P<0.05) in total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-cholesterol levels as compared to the control group demonstrated that Streptozotocin alters the lipid profile of diabetic rats. Nevertheless, thelevels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol were significantly reduced (p<0.05) in the animals in Group 4 due to the combination plant extract, whereas only HDL-cholesterol was reduced in the metformin-treated group (Group 3). The haematological results showed that the subjects with diabetes mellitus (Group 2) had significantly lower serum Na, Cl,
and K levels and higher serum Ca levels, whereas the animals treated with the combined plant extract (Groups 3 and 4) and the normal control animals (Group 1) showed no significant difference. After being treated with the combined extracts, the pancreatic β-cells of the diabetic control animals (Group 2), which had shrunken cell mass and were distorted and degenerated, quickly proliferated, indicating that the islet cells in the normal exocrine pancreas of the animals in Group 4 may have been regenerated. While the diabetes control group showed no discernible changes in pancreatic islet cytoarchitecture after metformin medication, the experimental group showed no such changes. Consequently, future research on diabetes mellitus should investigate mixed plant extracts as an excellent remedy. The exact mechanism of action behind the effect these extracts have should be determined by additional thorough pharmacological tests.
Keywords: Diabetes; Vernonia Amygdalina; Ocimum Gratissimum; Zingiber Officinale; Streptozotocin; Rats; Phytochemicals;
Antioxidants; Insulin
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