Clinical Evaluation of Patients Suffering from Breast Cancer & Determination of Treatment Therapies and Better Strategies Related to Breast Cancer

Authors: Shafqat S , Khan Z , Saif MK , Kafauit F , Zahir J , Tariq S and Kayani AI

DOI: 10.23880/apct-16000256

Volume 10, Issue 1

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women globally, with Pakistan reporting one of the highest rates in Asia. This disease typically involves abnormal growths in the breast, originating from either connective tissues or epithelial cells. A study conducted in Rawalakot, Azad Jammu, and Kashmir aimed to explore the prevalence of breast cancer, assess diagnostic and treatment approaches, and identify strategies for prevention. The research spanned six to eight months, during which data were collected through a detailed questionnaire and medical records from the Combined Military Hospital (CMH) and the local community. The questionnaire focused on patients' medical history, demographic details, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and preventive measures. The study found that most breast cancer patients were aged 41 to 60, with 66% being married women. Invasive breast cancer accounted for 70% of cases, while 30% were classified as non-invasive. Additionally, 66% of the cases involved the right breast. Genetic factors were linked to 64% of the cases, with the remaining attributed to other causes. Biopsy and mammography were the most frequently used diagnostic techniques. Hormonal therapies, including tamoxifen and estrone, were commonly prescribed as part of post-surgical treatment plans. However, despite these interventions, 68% of patients experienced a recurrence of breast cancer following surgery. These findings highlight the critical need for improved awareness of breast cancer, emphasizing early detection and prevention. Educational campaigns and initiatives promoting regular self-examinations could significantly reduce disease severity and improve outcomes. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for enhancing survival rates and quality of life for women affected by this disease. The recurrence rate can be reduced by adjuvant therapy (i.e. chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and radiation therapy), healthy lifestyle choices (i.e. healthy diet, exercise, weight management, alcohol reduction, smoking cessation) and ongoing monitoring.

Keywords: Breast Cancer; Prevalence; Diagnostic Approaches; Treatment Strategies; Invasive Breast Cancer Genetic Factors; Biopsy; Mammography; Hormonal Therapy; Tamoxifen; Recurrence and Awareness

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