Autoimmune Diseases in Ayurveda: A Narrative Review with Classical and Modern Perspectives

Authors: Desai A , Desai K , Thakar A and Pandit DS

DOI: 10.23880/jonam-16000462

Volume 9, Issue 2

Abstract

Autoimmune diseases are characterized by immune dysregulation, whereby the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues, leading to chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine, offers a unique perspective on these disorders through its concepts of Agni (digestive/metabolic fire), Ama (toxic byproducts), imbalance of Doṣas (biological energies), Srotorodha (channel obstruction), and Ojas (vital essence or immune strength). Though the term "autoimmune" is not explicitly used in classical texts, conditions with similar manifestations are described, such as Amavāta (rheumatoid arthritis), Kuṣṭha (psoriasis), Grahaṇī (inflammatory bowel disease), Vātarakta (lupus), Vāta-vyādhi (multiple sclerosis), and Galagaṇḍa (thyroiditis). This review integrates classical Ayurvedic interpretations with contemporary biomedical perspectives and highlights therapeutic strategies including Deepana-pācana (digestive enhancement), Sodhana (biopurification), Rasāyana (rejuvenation), diet and lifestyle regulation, and yoga. Emerging evidence supports immunomodulatory roles of Ayurvedic herbs such as Tinospora cordifolia, Withania somnifera, and Boswellia serrata, along with yoga-based practices. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive understanding for clinicians and researchers interested in integrative approaches to autoimmune diseases.

Keywords: Autoimmune Diseases; Ayurveda; Āma; Agni; Ojas; Doṣa Imbalance; Srotorodha; Pañcakarma; Rasāyana Therapy; Immunomodulation; Tinospora Cordifolia; Withania Somnifera; Ayu-Hm Premium Yoga; Prāṇāyāma; Integrative Medicine; Classical Ayurvedic Correlates

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