The Role of Pharmacogenetic Testing in Clinical Practice: A Path toward more Effective, Personalized and Cost-effective Care

Authors:

DOI: 10.23880/nhij-16000339

Volume 9, Issue 2

Abstract

Psychiatric medication prescribing has historically relied on a trial-and-error methodology, often resulting in suboptimal outcomes, prolonged patient suffering, and increased healthcare costs. . As providers, we have a responsibility to consider evidence-based tools to reduce the burden of depression. In response to these limitations, psychopharmacogenetic (PPGx) testing has emerged as a promising tool to guide personalized medication choices based on an individual's genetic profile. This article examines the clinical and economic benefits of incorporating PPGx testing into psychiatric practice, focusing on its benefits in improving patient outcomes, minimizing adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and decreasing costs. Key pharmacokinetic genes such as CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 have been shown to significantly influence the metabolism of commonly prescribed psychiatric medications, including SSRIs, TCAs, and antipsychotics. Guidelines from the U.S. Food and the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) increasingly support genetic-informed prescribing. Recent studies and meta-analyses demonstrate that PPGx-guided treatment leads to higher remission rates, better tolerability, and lower health care costs. This article also explores implementation challenges, ethical considerations, and future directions in the field. Overall, the integration of PPGx testing represents a significant shift in psychiatric care, aligning with APA-recommended evidence-based practice and the national trend toward personalized-precision medicine. Providers are encouraged to adopt this approach to promote safer, more effective, and economically sustainable mental health care.

Keywords: Psycho-Pharmacogenetic Testing; Psychiatric Medication; Psychiatry

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