ISSN: 2578-5044
Authors:
Badvi JA1*, Jawed M2 and Ali Shah A3
VDRL tests result confirms the patient is suffering from Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) positive. The VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) test is a serological test used to detect antibodies and thereby screen individuals against syphilis (caused by bacteria called Treponema pallidum). Because of its relatively high sensitivity, and to monitor patients' response to treatment. (The VDRL titre generally comes down with appropriate therapy). Generally a titre of greater than or equal to 1 in 16 is considered indicative of syphilis. However, a limitation of the VDRL test is the fact that its specificity is limited, and can give false positive reactivity (due to cross reactivity with other antibodies). Therefore to confirm syphilis infection specific Treponemal tests such as TPPA (Treponema pallidum Particle agglutination test) or TPHA (Treponema pallidum Haemagglutination test) are used to confirm syphilis. However, these tests are never used in isolation, and assessment of the clinical context (syphilitic ulcer or chancre, rash, lymphadenopathy, history of recent sexual exposure prior to development of signs of The VDRL, however, remains a popular test for syphilis because of the simplicity, relatively low cost, and for its utility in monitoring response to therapy. Most cases of syphilis respond easily to antibiotic treatment (e.g. penicillin) of adequate dose and duration, and a four-fold decline in titre is indicative of a therapeutic response (e.g. from 1/16 to 1/4 or less). Most individuals would become non-infectious after adequate treatment. In some cases however, the antibody response becomes ‘serofast’ (i.e. do not become non-reactive or negative, despite an initial decline, and may continue to give reactive results).
Result: Data was collected from January 2017 to December 2017 from which were 42, 2.58% were positive, screened for VDRL, on Elisa method, of the 16215. Patients of either sex, with more than thirty years of age were included. From which 42, 2.58% were positive on Elisa method OUT OF 16215 cases who were asked for screening for syphilis from OPD.
Conclusion: Data of 12 months suggest a to very low positive 42,2.58% of the16215 cases of syphilis, on VDRL Test. prevalence rate screened by VDRL test is very low even negligible positive cases of syphilis, at KMC Hospital catchment area Khairpure Mir’s, Pakistan. The modes of transmission of Syphilis are though sex, blood transfusion also plays an important role for prevalence of syphilis. And VDRL is popular method for the syphilis screening method in Pakistan and worldwide accepted method of screening of syphilis, which is sexual transmitted disease. AND using of different partners for sex, blood transfusion, and blood bank running in the town with non qualified pathologists, and blood Transfusion without screening for syphilis, as the major causing factors.
Keywords:
VDRL; Syphilis; KMC; Khairpur Mirs; Prevelence; Data
