Virology & Immunology Journal (VIJ)

ISSN: 2577-4379

Review Article

Smart Cities from a Sudanese Perspective

Authors: El Tohami AEA

DOI: 10.23880/vij-16000178

Abstract

This article aims at identifying the constraints facing Sudanese cities and prevent them to be smart cities. It is also a trail to define smart cities from a Sudanese point of view. This article is dependent to a large extent on reviewing the available literature and personal experience of the author. The constraints facing Sudanese cities to be sustainable or smart could be classified to sets of factors. The first groups are natural factors while the second ones are related to human factors which are particularly related to infra-structure development. Natural factors are summed into the following: ill location of residential areas such as flood plains which will increase the annual flooding hazards, natural drainages and rapid urban expansion due to environmental degradation in rural areas which encourages illegal expansion of settlement in illsuited areas and /or at the expense of agricultural lands. While anthropogenic factors can be summarized as follows: poor infrastructure in cities which are manifested in lack of adequate and efficient drainage of rains water, roads are badly constructed and maintained lack of coordination between Ministry of Road and Transport with other related Ministries or government department such Ministry of Electricity and dams and telecommunication and Urban water resources corporation. This resulted in the continuous destruction of asphaltic roads to extend cables of electricity or telephones and domestic water supply networks. However, the present location of the central transport station is not suitable and has resulted in traffic jamming and wasting of time as well as increase fuel consumption that leads to increase in emitted air pollutants and noise pollution. Moreover, regardless of building of new hospitals and clinics most of the Sudanese have no access to health services because of its high costs and most of the people have no health insurance or their insurance cannot cover the actual expenses. Horizontal expansion of Khartoum capital was not accompanied with accessible roads an d adequate transportation means Smart cities from a Sudanese perspectives are cities where the people have an access to basic services such as water, steady electric and water supply, regular maintenance of roads and improvement of the present rain water drainage systems and building of new bridges and suitable location of thetransport central stations. One can conclude that each country should have its own prerequisites for cities to be smart depending on the prevailing climatic and environmental conditions and the available infrastructure.

Keywords: Smart Cities; Sudanese Perspectives; Ill-Suited; Natural and Man-Made Factors; Poor Infrastructure

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