ISSN: 2474-8846
Authors: Javed MW*, Ahmad JN, Shahzad MK, Hussain M, Ahmad SJN, Ashraf M, Imran M, Mushtaq N, Hafeez A, Aslam A and Jafir M
Both insects and plants have dynamicity of interaction, defense communism and key-prospects for their own benefits, survival and longtime sustainable dependencies with minimal foreign intrusions. Dynamics of their interactions are appropriate with their described co-existence and respective gain/loss in varied cropping schemes since ancient times. These interactions may be harmful or beneficial with special focus to cultivated crops in agriculture. With respect to herbivorous insects, plants are not only depending on external features but also utilizing a number of defensive genes like PR-pathogenesis related proteins, PIN-proteinase inhibitors, LOX-lipoxygenase, PAL-phenyl ammonia lyaseetc in induced pest resistance mechanism. In addition, of course, multiple electric signs, defense signallings/resistance connections like Jasmonic Acid/JA and/or Salicylic Acid/SA to retard the scope and expansion of uninvited enemy, are also accounted. Moreover, in this review, a concise view of key-prospects in aforementioned dynamicity have also been presented covering fundamental to applied aspects.
Keywords: Insect Plant Biological Connections; Signallings; Genes; Mutualism; Ecology
