The Retino-Hypothalamic Ultrastructure aspects of Traumaticoptic Neuropathy’s Pathogenesis and Treatment

Authors: Moyseyenko N*

Volume 4, Issue 1

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose was to study the retino-hypothalamic ultrastructural changes in traumatic optic neuropathy’s pathogenesis and treatment. Methods: There was reproduced the experiment traumatic to the optic nerve crush by surgical clips for 90 mature rabbits. There were next groups of animals: intact (I), experimental (II) and two groups with two types of treatment (III and IV). There were 30 individuals in each group (there were 120 animals).The group III took infusions of Methylprednisolone in dose 30 mg/kg for three days. The group IV took infusions Methylprednisolone in dose 15 mg/kg for 3days in combination with phosphine-elecric stimulation (PES) from the third till the 13thday. The power of electrical impulsive supply was 800 mА in affected side and 300 mА in opposite. The morphological analysis included electron microscopy of the semi-thin and ultrathin sections and the morphometry of the retina and suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus of all groups. It was performed one month after the injury whom the animals were removed from the experiment. It was conducted an analysis of the content of cortisol and adreno-corticotrope hormone (ACTH) in the blood serum of experimental animals of all groups in the dynamics up to one month after an injury. Results: There was reproduced that traumatic damage to the orbital part of the optic nerve. It caused colicvative necrosis of ganglion cells and swelling of the layer of nerve fibers of the ipsilateral retina. It is established also that traumatic damage to the orbital part of the optic nerve causes structural changes in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. Combined treatment with phosphine electro stimulation characterized by reduction of retina thickness, reduction of cytokaryometric indices and regeneration processes in bipolar and ganglionic neurons of retina. There was found changing architectonics and increasing the number of neurosecretory granules of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus under combine treatment. The content of ACTH in the peripheral blood decreases and the content of cortisol increases in the III group. In the IV group, the content of hormones is more consistent with the group without treatment. Conclusion: Thus, the complex treatment of TON with the use of phosphine electrostimulation can be an alternative to traditional treatment, since it allows reducing the dose of infusion of corticosteroids and provides the necessary neuroprotective effect.

Keywords: Traumatic Optic Neuropathy; Retina; Neuroprotective Therapy; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus of the Hypothalamus; Neurosecretory Granules; Phosphine-Electric Stimulation

View PDF