Comparison of Pupillary Dynamics among Emmetropes, High Myopes, High Hypermetropes and Patients under the Medications of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Diabetes and Hypertension

Authors: Milan R*

Volume 4, Issue 2

Abstract

Purpose: a) To evaluate the pupillary dynamics of emmetropes, myopes, hypermetropes, patuents suffering with Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Diabetes and Hypertension. b) To compare the effects of alpha adrenoreceptor antagonist (tamsulosin), diabetes and hypertension on pupillary dynamics. Methodology: In our study, 20 emmetropes, 12 myopes, 11 hypermetropes, 4 patients suffering from Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Diabetes and Hypertension, 3 patients with BPH and Diabetes, 4 patients with BPH and hypertension and 3 patients with BPH were screened while they visited our General Out Patient Department at Dr Om parkash eye Institute. The patients were then taken to the diagnostic unit of the same hospital where the pupillometry of each patient was done using Oculus Keratograph 5 under the LED bulb with 12 watt power and 1080 lm of luminous intensity. The measurements recorded by the pupillogram of OK5 included mean minimum pupillary aperture (mm), mean pupillary mean aperture (mm), mean maximum pupillary aperture (mm), velocity of pupillary constriction (mm/sec) and velocity of pupillary dilatation (mm/sec). The minimum, mean and maximum pupillary apertures were directly measured by the OK5 while the velocity of pupillary constriction and velocity of pupillary dilatation were measured on the basis of graphical positioning which shows the size of pupil at each point of time. Result: The mean pupillary apertures of emmetropes, myopes, hypermetropes, patients with BPH, diabetes and Hypertension, BPH and Diabetes, BPH and hypertension and BPH were 4.72±0.63mm, 4.87±0.71mm, 4.15±0.67mm, 3.30±0.17mm, 3.43±0.63mm, 3.32±0.23mm, and 3.93±0.76mm respectively. The velocity of pupillary constriction and velocity of pupillary dilatation in patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia under the effect of tamsulosin are considerably less than the velocity of pupillary constriction and velocity of pupillary dilatation in emmetropes. Conclusion: Refractive errors do not have significant effects on the pupillary dynamics. However there is a significant effect of tamsulosin on the anatomic and functional structure of dilator pupillae muscle. Comparatively, the effects of hypertension and diabetes are less than the effects of tamsulosin on pupillary dynamics.

Keywords: Pupillary Dynamics; Emmetropes; Adrenoreceptor; Tamsulosin

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