Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Definition, Contexts, Neural Correlates and Clinical Strategies

Authors: Perrotta G*

DOI: 10.23880/nnoaj-16000136

Volume 4, Issue 2

Abstract

Starting from the general concept of "autism spectrum disorders", as contained in the manual of psychiatric disorders DSM, version V, we proceeded to contextualize the definition distinguishing it from other pathological forms (eg Asperger, disintegrative disorder of childhood, Rett and the pervasive disorder not otherwise specified), as was previously listed in the DSM-IV version, orienting the subject examined with a whole series of focus on neurobiological and clinical profiles. It then concluded with further attention to the therapeutic context, from the psychotherapeutic approach to the pharmacological one, to manage the pathological consequences of the disorder, with particular attention to the most important and recent scientific discoveries, such as etiological theories of the pathological condition and the best treatments to prefer. It was concluded that recent research in the field of neuroscience has contributed significantly to the reconstruction of a pathology with outlines and an etiology that is still not well defined. Giving value to the neuropsicobiological bases of autism, giving value to the technical profiles related to the microscopic alterations in specific brain areas, contextualizing in a more defined way also to behavioral disorders related to autism spectrum disorders.

Keywords: Psychology; Neurobiology; Neuroscience; Child Neuropsychiatry; Autism; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Pervasive Developmental Disorders; Asperger Syndrome; Pervasive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified; Disintegrative Disorder; Rett Syndrome

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