ISSN: 2578-4676
Authors: Kadyrov ZA*, Odilov AY and Faniev MV
Introduction: Intraoperative and postoperative complications of various nephrectomy methods are covered in a sufficient number of publications. However, the frequency of long-term postoperative complications of different methods of nephrectomy has been poorly studied. Late postoperative complications of traditional and video endoscopic nephrectomy methods were analyzed. Methods: We studied the long-term results (after 6 months or more) of nephrectomy in 649 patients who were subjected to nephrectomy for benign and malignant diseases. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1-traditional nephrectomy (TN), group 2-laparoscopic nephrectomy (LN), and group 3-retroperitonesocopic nephrectomy. Patients underwent nephrectomy for various reasons: a non-functional kidney due to various causes, complications of urolithiasis, stricture or obliteration of the pelvic-ureteral junction, different parts of the ureter, kidney neoplasms, and a donor kidney. Results: Violation of skin sensitivity was recorded in 82 (27.15%) patients after TN, in 12 (5.58%) patients after LN and in 10 (7.58%) patients after RN (p= 0.004). Pain in and around the postoperative scar was recorded in 61 (20.19%) patients after TN, in 12 (5.58%) patients after LN, and in 9 (6.81%) patients after PH (p= 0.003). Postoperative ventral hernia was diagnosed in 54 (17.88%) patients after TN, in 3 (1.39 %) patients after LN, and in 5 (3.78 %) patients after RN (p = 0.001). Postoperative hernia correction was required in 2 patients after RN. Abdominal deformity on the side of surgery or the site of kidney removal was detected in 32 (10.59%) patients after TN, in 3 (1.39 %) after LN, and in 2 (1.51 %) after RN (p= 0.001). In addition, 5 (1.65 %) patients with TN had a purulent postoperative fistula, a colonic labial fistula, and empyema of the stump of the ureter, which required surgical treatment. Conclusion: Long-term postoperative complications after laparoscopic and retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy are significantly less common than after traditional nephrectomy. However, these complications deserve the attention of doctors, as they often lead to repeated operations and reduce the quality of life of patients in the long-term postoperative period.
Keywords: Traditional; Laparoscopic; Retroperitoneoscopic; Nephrectomy; Postoperative Complications; Hernias; Postoperative Scar
