ISSN: 2577-4379
Authors: Fujii YR*
Objective: The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe respiratory syndrome human coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We have previously found that mutations in haplotype C79F upon MAVS/VISA in Caucasian- American and African-American were fatal to COVID-19 compared to Asian-American in the USA model (approximate 100 times to Asian), which showed that there is a risk factor of people in Europa/America. This result was simulated by the integrated network algorithm as the MicroRNA (miRNA) entangling sorter (METS) analysis with quantum miRNA language. Since SARS-CoV-2 replication has been blocked in vitro and in patients by Honeysuckle, traditional Chinese herbal medicine, MIR2911, it was further investigated in silico that Japanese people might have some advantages into their culture against COVID-19 for prevention of SARS-CoV-2.Materials and Methods: The METS computer analysis was performed as previously described. Information about coronavirus and miRNAs was extracted from the Viral Genomes and miRBase databases, respectively. The binding affinity between SARSCoV-2 miRNAs and their targets was computed by mfold analysis. Sequence homology analysis among honeysuckle MIR2911 and other miRNAs was performed by BLASTN database. Results and Discussion: The sequences of rice osa-MIR2097-5p was 52% homologous to those of MIR2911 and both plant miRNAs had similar properties in the quantum miRNA language. MIR2097-5p showed binding activity to SARS-CoV-2 viral miRNAs derived from the orf10 region and the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Since IR2097-5p simultaneously inhibited human homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) protein target in silico, the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit α (HIF1A) increased via viral miRNA and HIPK2 suppression by computer simulation with METS analysis. In addition, MIR2097-5p showed high affinity for 11 SARS-CoV-2 genome sites, including the 5’UTR. As a result, MIR2097-5p would prevent viral proliferation, and serious symptoms of COVID-19 could be remedied by MIR2097-5p. Since in Japan, both the number of patients and that of deaths per million people are much lower than USA, approximate 1/33 and 1/50, respectively. There are significant differences in the geographic distribution of infected patients between Asia and Europa/America. The cause of this regional difference in the number of patients and deaths per million people in Japan and USA may be due to the staple rice diet in Japan.Conclusion: Thus, we found plant MIR2097-5p, a candidate for a ‘quantum miRNA agent’ against OVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-Cov-2; Plant; MicroRNA; Computer Simulation; In silico
