Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus

Authors: Amer MM*

DOI: 10.23880/izab-16000313

Volume 4, Issue 4

Abstract

Chicken Anemia Virus (CAV), is the smallest DNA virus classified in the genus Gyrovirusof the family Circoviridae. Since its first identification in 1979, CIAV is a virus non- enveloped, stable and very resistant to the environment and disinfectants. It has a simple circular DNA chain. All CIAV strains are known until now belong to the same serotype, which means that there are no major antigenic differences, although there maybe diversity in the genome of the virus. CIAV infection has caused great economic losses for the poultry industry as the infected birds showed poor performance and high mortality rate between 10-20%, but might reach 60% in complicated cases and also due to its serious immunosuppressive potential and ability to predispose to multiple secondary bacterial infections, subsequently playing a key role in the etiology of several multifactorial diseases, immune suppression and the production of antibodies for chicken infectious anemia in field challenge. CIAV induces infection and can be closely associated many syndromes. The poultry industry needs the immunization of the breeding birds, in order to avoid the vertical and horizontal transmission of the virus and provide maternal antibody titers that give massive protection to the progeny. This review aimed to collect available data about CIA to be available to be available to students, researchers and veterinarian in poultry practical.

Keywords: Chicken Infectious Anemia; Virus; Clinical Signs; Lesions; Diagnosis; Prevention and Control

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