ISSN: 2578-4803
Basics of Biopharmaceutics: A Mini Review
Drug research is a unique multi-disciplinary process towards the development of novel therapeutic agent to meet the current global medicinal needs. Drug discovery and development are the two major stages in drug research. Drug discovery includes new target identification and characterization, synthesis of new lead molecules, physicochemical characterization and screening of the lead molecule for its biological activity through in vitro and in vivo techniques. Drug development stage includes the assessment of its safety and toxicity of the developed new drug molecule. Drug molecules are substance used for diagnosis or treating for various diseases. Drugs can be given in different dosage form such as solids, semisolids, liquids, topical and parenteral preparation to produce the desired therapeutic activity and to meet the patient's needs. Biopharmaceutics is a major branch in pharmaceutical sciences describes the role of dosage form in the absorption and disposition of drugs in the body which are assessed through pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic parameters or properties. Pharmacodynamics correlates the concentration of the drug with its therapeutic and toxicological effect. Pharmacokinetics correlates how the drug moves through the human body by its four main pathways such as absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination and measuring the drug concentration in biological matrices.
Keywords:
Pharmacokinetics; in vitro and in vivo; Pharmacodynamics; Bioavailability; Endocytosis
