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Why and how should we use Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning Approaches Differently on COVID-19 Coronavirus and Other Pathogens Research?

Artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) have become increasingly popular tools and research methodology in many scientific research fields. E…

Are Peptides Truly Less Important than Proteins, or are Peptides and Proteins Mutually Inclusive of Each other?

In today’s research world, peptides and related functions are mostly undermined, undervalued, underappreciated, and sometimes maybe marginalized. It could be mainly due to the f…

Are we Hierarchically Definitive Multicellular Organisms or Governing Bodies Consisting of Multiple Independent Multicellular Systems?

Traditionally, a multicellular organism could be viewed as an organismal system consisting of one or more groups of cells that are specialized in different functions. Examples i…

Can Computational Design Replace Human Design of Antimicrobial Peptides?

Resistance to small molecule antibiotics has posed a major threat to healthcare due to lack of available next generation antibiotics. Particularly, the infamous "superbugs&quo…

Can Synergy Resolve Biofilm Infection Problem?

Bacteria exist in two states, planktonic, freely existing in bulk solution, and biofilm, attached as a unit to a surface. Thus, bacterial infection can occur in either or both stat…