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Differences of Relationships between Iodine and Some Chemical Elements in Normal Thyroid and Thyroid Benign Nodules Revealed by Neutron Activation and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry

Thyroid benign nodules (TBN) are the most common lesions of this endocrine gland. The etiology of TBN is not clear. The aim of this exploratory study was to examine differences in …

Relationships between Iodine and Some Trace Elements in Normal Thyroid of Females Investigated by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescent Analysis

Objective: Thyroid diseases rank second among endocrine disorders, and prevalence of the diseases is higher in the elderly as compared to the younger population. Women are affecte…

Association of Elevated Levels of Some Intra-Thyroidal Trace Elements with Goiter and Cancer Risk of Female Thyroid

Introduction: Advancing age is known to influence the formation of adenomatous goiter and thyroid cancer. An excess or deficiency of specific TEs contents in thyroid can play an i…

Distinguish Thyroid Malignant from Benign Alterations Using X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Trace Element Contents in Nodular Tissue

Introduction: Thyroid benign (TBN) and malignant (TMN) nodules are a common thyroid lesion. The differentiation of TMN often remains a clinical challenge and further improvements …

Contents of Nineteen Chemical Elements in Thyroid Benign Nodules and Tissue adjacent to Nodules investigated using X-Ray Fluorescence and Neutron Activation Analysis

Thyroid benign nodules (TBNs) are the most common diseases of this endocrine gland and are common worldwide. The etiology and pathogenesis of TBNs must be considered as multifacto…

Possible Role of Inadequate Quantities of Intra-Thyroidal Cobalt, Rubidium and Zinc in the Etiology of Female Subclinical Hypothyroidism

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism does affect fertility. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is 10-15 times more common in women than in men. Trace elements play impo…