The Effect of Classroom Attendance on Academic Achievement of Management and Leadership Discipline of Nursing Students at Instituto Superior Cristal and Universidade de Dili, Timor-Leste, 2024: A Case Study

Design

This study was used case study method on 2023. Case study is a methodological in the research approach, it uses to take attention to generating an in-depth understanding, of the contemporary issue and also on phenomenon in the any system evidence providing [10]. Subject was involved nurse’s students who has in semester six at ISC and UNDIL Timor-Leste. The relevance variables were considered such as classroom attendance and the academic achievement for Management and Leadership discipline in a semester.

Instrument

The data collection instrument in the he study was used the report value discipline Management and Leadership in Nursing, University of Dili on 2023. It is being related the relevance information such as 1) Present list, quiz report, 3) Individual work report, 4) Mid-test report, 5) Final test report, 6) Group work report, 8) Course Achievement index report.

Data Analysis

This case study was conducted on Nursing Students n=230 was registered as an active student in the nursing department at Instituto Superior Cristal (ISC) or Higher Institute of Cristal and University of Dili or Universidade de Dili (UNDIL) Timor-Leste. Who have attended management and leadership course as 16 sessions during from August 2023 to January 2024. The purposive sampling was used in the study. Data was conducted use following component: 1) Present list, quiz report, 3) Individual work report, 4) Mid-test report, 5) Final test report, 6) Group work report, 8) Course Achievement index report (Management and leadership). The data was analysis used the SPSS 23.0 with descriptive and inferential analysis methods.

Ethical Approach

During conducting this study, the team was receipt an invitation letter from university to the lecturer (Principal Investigator) to taking responsibility or lead management and leadership discipline to teaching nursing students in two universities. Model of the evaluation and examination will be depending on the lecturer is method including writing final report and publication. Other side we were inform to all the participants (students) as targeted the objective of the study. All the students agree to participate in the study to agree their examination values can be continuing on the article writing process and including publication on the any journal.

General Information

Instituto Superior Cristal (ISC) is a private university was funded in the beginning Timor-Leste Independent restoration time. ISC located at Balide, Dili, Timor-Leste (Timor-Leste Country City). Have conducting health education program (nursing and midwifery) and education focused on teacher producing. The university was having a lot of the experiences organizing education program until now. The founder all is Timores peoples, which have committeemen to contribute in the country human resource development since beginning process until now. Now is led by a Rector with 3 vice Rector and 2 deans (health and education program). Teacher majority is Timores peoples who have graduated in health sector in the country or outside the country. Universidade de Dili (UNDIL) is a private University located in center of Dili city and funded since beginning of independent of Republic Democratic of Timor-Leste. were organized many education program in health sector (nursing, public health and technic of dentist) and other program. Nursing education program on bachelor degree program. The most of the teacher are Timores peoples by bachelor until doctor degree.

Descriptive Analysis

Demography: Instituto Superior Cristal (ISC) or Higher Institute of Cristal a private university located at the Balide, Dili was found in the beginning Timor-Leste restoration moment. This university who have conducting two faculties in health sector and education sector. In the health area was provided specific education in the nurses and midwifery programs since 2010. Other university is name Universidade de Dili (UNDIL) is a private university who have founded since beginning after Timor-Leste independent restoration time. This university also organize many education program and specific in Nursing public health and dentist program.

In Nursing program specification this two universities were have commitment to how manage and improve the nursing program start in the bachelor degree program until strata degree program. Current case study was make analysis in term of the achievement of the students on the final examination of the management and leadership discipline. Focus analysis related with the two core component such as academicals achievement and attendance frequency of the students in the class room learning process during a semester.

Participants included in the study was 15% male from ISC and 13% male from UNDIL, 39% female from ISC and 33% female from UNDIL, two universities in the Bachelor degree program education on semester six each university (Table 1).

Based Table 2 mentioned above that 8% only was full attended activity classroom learning. With mean 14 only.

Who is attended until 13 and 15 are 15.2% and rest is lower by this achievement.

Based on the above Table 3 indicated that 27,8% female students from ISC who have complete present classroom attendance gate excellent academicals performance in the management and leadership discipline. Majority 51.3% even male and female they gate sufficient academic performance achievement. In terms of the gender issues, female achieve 7.0% compare with male 1.7% they got excellent academic performance. About 10% students gate academic performance Insufficient (E) or < 45 points where majority by students was attendance classroom between 0 to 5 times during hold total targeted based on the curriculum.

Academicals performance progress on Management and leadership discipline examination achievement by Nursing students at ISC and UNDIL based on the above table indicated as below: insufficient about 10%, sufficient 51%, good 25%, and excellent 9% only (Table 4).

Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. 1 Regression 53.444 2 26.722 48.28 .000b Residual 125.638 227 0.553 Total 179.083 229 a. Dependent variable: Academic Achievement b. Predictors: (Constant), Classroom attendance and Sex 2 Regression 65.924 1 65.924 7.885 .005b Residual 1906.341 228 8.361 Total 1972.265 229

Inferential Analysis

Compare academic achievement, classroom attendance and sex of the participants such as below detail context.

Use the Regression Analysis on ANOVA Test.

Based on the above Table 5 showed that the variable classroom attendance and sex was related significant with Academic achievement at semester six in two universities in Timor-Leste. There is very relevance or impacted between active attendance of students in the classroom activities with

Coefficients Test

the academic achievement. Its show in the significant value as 0.00 < p value 0,05, it is mean that have positive correlation between independent variable (Academic Achievement) with dependent variable (Classroom attendance).

The students who have actively present in the classroom have positive impact with the academicals achievement it with sig. value 0,00 < P 0,05, it is mean significant correlation on this study (Table 6).

The use of the regression between the final value and the presence in the classroom and sex is significantly shown by the significant value of ANOVA as 0,000, Coefficients value as 0,005. Relationship between sex a presence of ANOVA as 0,005 and Coefficients value as 0,005 (Table 7).

Character of Participants

The study was participated by Nursing students from ISC and UNDIL on six semesters on 2024, majority are female compared then male. The result corresponding last result study were reported that 25% men only in nursing education in Italia compare with the female are lest then this number [11]. The enrolment number of nursing students at United State (US) about indicated that 14% were male and 14,4% were female [12]. In reality showed in the classroom female more than male students in Timor-Leste, including ISC and UNDIL until now. Female more interesting to choose nursing education based on their consent compare with male. Estimated that female students will be dominated in the graduated candidate in two universities in Timor-Leste. This is current situation done in the country and it is real phenomenological right now.

Classroom Attendance

Current study was identified that 8,3% only students at two universities was attended 16-time classroom learning or 100% present at the classroom learning with teacher during semester six in 2024. This result According with last study were mentioned that increased participation the students in classroom learning it was associated with an increasing proportion of more students passing the exam and also this manner was make chance that passing the exam increased by 13% for every additional learning activities was attended by students [3].

Other research showed that the effectiveness of human patient simulator during learning activities towards the improvement of knowledge, motivation and clinical competence of nursing students in quality guarantying [13]. The nurses who have become a managers or leaders in executive positions should have a strong basis, mean that that during in study period must be learning deeply to achieve this point [14]. However, the classroom attendance is determinant factor for academic achievement of the nursing students. Because this point will provide the basis of the management and leadership competencies for leader or manager in the future. Who have actively taken part or presenting in the classroom during learning process on management and leadership discipline it will be determine score of the final exam in the semester. So, hope that leaders or managers of the two university need to pay attention for the classroom attendance of student in the future. Because it will find more benefit for the students in the future.

Academic Achievement

Result of this study was showed that, majority of nursing students gated sufficient category their point on the final exam of management and leadership discipline in semester six at ISC and UNDIL. This result accordance with the Academic performance of nursing students at Aswan University was influenced by many factors, one is related with the classroom discomfort, socioeconomic status, parental education and student’s factors [15].

The highest achievement of any exam in the health sector learning process especially in the area of nursing is always strongly linked to active presence during the learning process in the classroom. During classroom activities, students usually have the opportunity to focus on listening and seeking to understand the explanations given by the lectures in the classroom. If some of the opportunities are completed by conversing with the lecturer by asking and responding, students will understand more about the subject they are receiving than those who are not attending the classroom actively.