The Holobiot and the Possibilities for Intervention in the Interspecies Interactions of the Microbiotа

Authors: Avramov T*

DOI: 10.23880/ooaj-16000306

Volume 10, Issue 1

Abstract

Introduction: Throughout our recorded history, we have repeatedly encountered pandemics with high mortality rates. Climate change, environmental changes, population mobility, uneven settlement, unequal sanitation, changes in animal habitats and rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance have also put increased pressure on the host-pathogen-environment system.Objectives: Viral pathogens facilitate the colonization of other pathogens by altering the diversity and functions of the microbiota. Studying the interspecies interactions between them, the components of the microbiota and the host, as well as tracking horizontal gene transfer, will help us to clarify the reasons for the different course of the same disease in patients. It will clarify the timing and scope of our interventions and how to improve their effect in each patient.Results: The concept of the holobiont considers the host and its taxonomically and ecologically related microbial communities as a whole. This will serve basis to understand how this complex relatively static and at the same time dynamically developing ecosystem adapts to continuous environmental challenges.Conclusion: Knowledge the relationships in the holobiont will help us avoid superficial handling of them. Even with their seemingly correct use, there is a risk of unintentionally triggering a cascade of negative relationships during our interventions, which leads to serious risks to the health of patients. Our task is to find the right time, type and volume of pharmacological, non-pharmacological and dietary interventions. When treating one of the components of the microbiota, we indirectly affect the others, which should be included in our therapeutic plan.

Keywords: Holobiont; Cocirculating Pathogens; Microbiota; Probiotics; Prebiotics; Vaccines; Prevention; Interactions

View PDF