ISSN: 2474-9230
Authors: Kulvinder Kochar Kaur*, Allahbadia GN and Singh M
There is a very essential role that mitochondria play in controlling energy metabolism with respect to oocytes maturation as well as Preimplantation embryos in which both quantity as well as morphology of mitochondria along with mitochondrial DNA amount get very closely controlled. Lot of mouse experimental kinds having impaired mitochondrial function cause infertility that validates the crucial part played by mitochondria in female reproduction. On finding abnormalities of mitochondrial action both cells as well as organisms utilize methods that are aimed at recuperating or help in get the mitochondria rescued and delete mitochondria which can’t in anyway be salvaged. Of these methods Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response (mtUPR) has been associated with ageing avoidance recently, since mitochondrial aids in age associated collection of injured proteins, decreased oxidative phosphorylation as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis. Importance of these lies in female reproduction since if mtUPR genes like Clpp are removed following specific targeting it causes female infertility, causing problems in maturing of oocyte along with 2 cell embryo generation and inability to develop blastocyst. Additionally if CLPP is missing it results in exaggerated follicular removal with a phenotype mimic long premature ovarian failure. More studies will give understanding of both physiological and pathological regulation of oocyte as well as initial embryonic mitochondrial action that workers are trying to use in generating therapies that are innovative in aging oocytes and in women presenting with mitochondrial inheritent abnormalities and thus treating female infertility with elderly females.
Keywords: mtUPR; CLPP; Ageing; Female Reproduction; ROS; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Preimplantion Embryo Metabolism; mTOR Inhibitor Rapamycin
