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Antimicrobial prophylaxis can lower the incidence of infection after surgical intervention, reducing morbidity and mortality due to sepsis. Different types of surgical wounds requi…

Chronic kidney disorder is the progressive, irreversible damage to the kidney functions, as a result of which the renal replacement therapy is given in the form of dialysis (hemod…

In past few years there has been an enthusiastic progress in the field of rheumatoid arthritis pharmacotherapy but the presence of prognostic factors associated with unfavorable ou…

Diabetes mellitus, is a group of metabolic disorders that leads to high blood glucose level, resulting in excessive urination, increased thirst, blurred vision, tingling, sweating …

 Obesity is becoming a serious concern because it is associated with number of problems such as reduced quality of life and mental health. And when it comes to pregnancy, …

Pneumonia is an infectious disease, in which the lungs are affected by pathological microorganisms, which are most often bacteria or viruses. As a result of advances in experimenta…

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. People with schizophrenia may seem like they have lost touch with realit…

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common form of polyarticular arthritis, where the body’s own defense system targets the joint linings, bones and cartilage th…

Peptic ulcer is disruption in the innermost lining of stomach or primary portion of small intestine (duodenum) and occasionally lower esophagus. Clinical presentations of a gastric…

Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis is considered thromboembolism which is the occlusion of blood vessels by thrombus that has fragmented away from its site of formation. P…

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is condition in which ovaries produce increase level of androgen that is a male hormone. PCOS is characterized by oligomenorrhoea, anovulation, inf…

Hypertension is a haemodynamic disorder, characterized by an increase in peripheral vascular resistance that results in complicated diseases i.e myocardial infarction, renal failur…

Depression is a mood disorder characterized by sadness, hopelessness, lack of pleasure, lack of motivation and loss of interest in activities. It is a common illness but a serious …

Immunization is the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine. A vaccine stimulates the body’s own…