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How do Heterocyclic Amines, Amino Acid Pyrolysates, Inhibit DNA Repair

Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) and β-carbolines, carcinogenic substances, are produced when amino acids and creatine in food react in a high-temperature environment. Some of them are r…

How Bulky of Base Adducts can be Responsible for Clastogenicity rather than Mutagenicity?

Two types of TK mutants are induced by genotoxic factors; normally growing (NG) TK mutants due to point mutations of targeted TK locus, and slowly growing (SG) mutants due to gros…

Treating the Forehead Lines with Combination of Forehead and Glabellar Botulinum Toxin Among Japanese Patients

Background: In Japanese clinical practice, two approaches using botulinum toxin A (BTA) are used to improve wrinkles in upper and lower forehead areas without any complications, n…

Are Bases Alkylated by Branched Alkylating Agents Removed by Nucleotide Excision Repair or Base Excision Repair?

We have shown that comet-positive responses by adducts that are repaired by nucleotide excision repair (NER) and base excision repair (BER) are reduced by α-amanitin (AMN) and enh…

Investigation of Murine Fertility by Kampo Formula Containing Astragalus Root Enhanced Endometrial Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Factors

Astragalus root (Root of Astragalus membranaceaus (Fisch.) Bunge or Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus (Bunge) P.K.Hsiao) is a prescription drug constituting Kampo formulae w…