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Journal of Orthopedics & Bone Disorders Research Article 15 min read

Arthritis Research in India: A Scientometric Assessment of Publications Output during 2007-16

Gupta BM*, Ahmed KKM2 and Gupta R
* Corresponding author
ISSN: 2577-297X  10.23880/jobd-16000135  Received: September 25, 2017  Published: November 17, 2017
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Keywords
&amp lt p&amp gt Arthritis research Indian publications Scientometrics Bibliometrics&amp lt /p&amp gt
Abstract

The paper examines 3064 Indian publications on arthritis research, as covered in Scopus database during 2007-16, experiencing an annual average growth rate of 7.12% and qualitative citation impact averaged to 8.92 citations per paper. India’s share in global output was 3.54% during 2007-16, which increased from 2.96% to 4.09% from 2007-11 to 2012-16. Top 12 most productive countries in arthritis research accounted for 83.27% global publication share during 2007-16, which increased to 82.67% to 83.82% from 2007-11 to 2012-16. The top 12 most productive countries in arthritis research individually contributed global share from 2.69% to 26.29% with largest global publication share coming from USA (26.29), U.K. (10.02% share), Germany, Japan, Italy and France (from 5.16% to 6.72%), Netherlands, China and Canada (from 4.37% to 4.81%), Spain, India and Australia (from 2.69% to 3.77%) during 2007-16.The international collaborative share of India’s publications in arthritis research was 10.77% during 2007-16, which increased from 10.38% to 11.04% from 2007-11 to 2012-16. Medicine, among subjects contributed the highest publications share (66.09%) in India’s output followed by pharmacology, toxicology & pharmaceutics (33.09%), biochemistry, genetics & molecular biology (17.43%), immunology & microbiology (10.18%) and chemistry (3.36%) during 2007-16. Rheumatoid arthritis, among different types of arthritis, contributed the largest share of 49.35%, followed by adjuvant arthritis (10.70%), tuberculosis arthritis (8.39%), osteoarthritis (7.96%), bacterial arthritis (7.83%), lupus arthritis (7.64%), juvenile arthritis (7.60%), psoriatic arthritis (3.85%), hand arthritis (2.84%), polyarthritis (2.81%), gout arthritis (2.74%) and septic arthritis (2.20%) during 2007-16. The top 15 most productive organizations and authors together contributed 27.02% and 13.71% respectively as their share of global publication output and 44.76% and 17.36% respectively as their share of global citation output during 2007-16. Among the total journal output of 3021 papers (98.06% of total output), the top 15 journals contributed 27.61% share to the global journal output during 2007-16 which decreased from 27.94% to 27.38% from 2007-11 and 2012-16. Of the total arthritis research output, the top 25highly cited publications registered citations from 100 to 1112 and they together received 6410 citations, with 256.4 citations per paper. These 25 highly cited papers were published in 22 journals, of which 4 papers were published in The Lancet and 1 paper each in other journals

Introduction

"Arthritis" literally means joint inflammation. Although joint inflammation is a symptom or sign rather than a specific diagnosis, the term arthritis is often used to refer to any disorder that affects the joints. Joints are places in the body where bones come together, such as the knees, wrists, fingers, toes, and hips. These disorders fall within the broader category of rheumatic diseases. These are diseases characterized by inflammation (signs include redness or heat, swelling, and symptoms such as pain) and loss of function of one or more connecting or supporting structures of the body. They especially affect joints, tendons, ligaments, bones, and muscles. Common signs and symptoms are pain, swelling, and stiffness. Some rheumatic diseases also can involve internal organs. There are more than 100 rheumatic diseases that collectively affect more than millions of people worldwide [1, 2, 3]. Arthritis is affects 15% of Indian population (about 180 million people). This prevalence is higher than other well-known diseases such as diabetes, HIV and cancer in India. Among the most common type of arthritis, osteoarthritis, damages both the cartilage, which is the tissue that cushions the ends of bones within the joint and the underlying bone and also cause joint pain and stiffness. Disability results most often when the disease affects the spine and the weight-bearing joints (the knees and hips). Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease of the immune system that attacks the lining of the joint, resulting in pain and swelling and loss of function in the joints. The most commonly affected joints are those in the hands and feet.Other rheumatic diseases include; (i) Bursitis; (ii) Fibromyalgia; (iii) Gout, (iv) Infectious arthritis; (v) Juvenile idiopathic; (vi) Polymyalgia rheumatic; (vii) Polymyositis; (viii); (ix) Spondyloarthropathies; (x) Psoriatic arthritis; (xi) Systemic lupus and (xii) Tendinitis [1, 2, 3].

Literature Review

Only one study has so far been conducted in the past on quantitative analysis of arthritis research. Few Other few studies focused on evaluation of rheumatic diseases (including arthritis) research based on publications output. Among such studies, Lewison and Devey [4] used bibliometric methods to evaluate the magnitude and quality of publications in arthritis research in the UK and also compared this with that of other countries. Outputs from 13 countries between 1988 and 1995 were analyzed by number, research level (from clinical to basic) and potential impact on other researchers (from low to high). The UK has a strong presence in arthritis research and the highest relative commitment of all the countries studied. Papers with funding acknowledgements were of significantly higher impact and less clinical than those without. Mela and Cimmino evaluated the distribution and scope of papers (2331 ) published by authors from the European Union (EU) in 17 rheumatological journals during 1995 and the impact of rheumatological research in the EU in comparison with that produced elsewhere. Of them, 1316 (56.5%) came from the EU (29.4% from the UK, 17.4% from France, 11.5% from Germany, and 10.8 % from Italy) and 544 (23.3%) from the USA. The mean IF of EU papers were approximately 2 in comparison with 3.5 for the USA and 2.4 for other countries. Less than a quarter of them were cited more than twice. Go, Liu and Zhang et al evaluated the global rheumatic research output, with particular reference to China’s output. China has occupied third place regarding the number of rheumatic diseases’ publications. Nevertheless, most of these articles were not associated with high impact factors or frequent citations, let alone great influence [5, 6].

Objectives

The main objectives of this study are to study the performance of India’s arthritis research during 2007-16, based on publications output covered in Scopus database. In particular, the study focuses on the following objectives: (i) To study the growth India’s research output in arthritis research and its citation impact; (ii) To study the India’s international collaboration share and share of leading collaborating countries; (iii) To study the Indian research output by broad subject areas and the types of arthritis research; (iv) To study the publication productivity and citation impact of top 15 most productive organizations and authors; (vi) To study the modes of communication and identification of most productive journalsand (v) to study the characteristics of top 15highly cited papers.

The total research output of the world and India in field of arthritis cumulated to 86491 and 3064 publications in 10 years during 2007-16. The annual output of the world and India in arthritis research increased from 7795 and 167 in the year 2007 to 6666 and 268 publications in the year 2016, registering -1.18% and 7.12% growth per annum. The cumulative world and Indian output inarthritis research in 5 years 2007-11 increased from 41967 and 1243 to 44524 and 1821 publications during succeeding 5-year period 2012-16, registering 6.09% and 46.50% quinquennial growth. Of the total Indian publications output on arthritis, 64.95% (1990) was published as articles, 21.61% (662) as reviews, 6.46% (198) as letters, 2.15% (66) as editorials, 1.80% (55) as conference papers, 1.70% (52) as notes and the rest asshort surveys (23), book chapters (13), erratum (3) and articles in press (2). The citation impact of Indian publications on arthritis research averaged to 8.92 citations per publication (CPP) during 2007-16; five- yearly impact averaged to 13.73CPP for the period 2007- 11 which declined to 5.64CPP in the succeeding five-year 2012-16 (Table 1).

Methodology

The study retrieved and downloaded 10- yearpublication data of the world output in arthritis research from the Scopus database (http://www.scopus.com) covering the period 2007-16. Keywords, such as “arthritis’’ were incorporated in the search string and qualified these keywords with “keyword tag”, “Article Title tag”” and “Source Title tag”, and in addition incorporated in this search string the period ‘2007-16’ within “date range tag”. Finally this search string was appliedfor searching Indian publication data on arthritis research. The search string was subsequently refined by “subject area tag”, “country tag”, “source title tag”, “journal title name” and “affiliation tag”, to get data/information on thedistribution of publications output by subject, collaborating countries, author-wise, organization-wise and journal-wise, etc. For citation data, citations to publications were also collected from date of publication till March 2017. (KEY(arthritis) OR TITLE(arthritis)) AND PUBYEAR > 2006 AND PUBYEAR < 2017 (KEY (arthritis) OR TITLE (arthritis)) AND PUBYEAR > 2006 AND PUBYEAR < 2017 AND (LIMIT-TO (AFFILCOUNTRY, "India"))

Analysis

WorldIndia
Publication Period
TPTPTCCPPICP%ICP%TP
20077795167312618.72137.782.14
20087858176246414.002212.502.24
20098507240334013.922912.082.82
20108733276449416.283311.963.16
2011907438436449.49328.334.23
2012958041333308.06358.474.31
2013966341924665.894210.024.34
2014952137616044.274612.233.95
2015909434526517.684914.203.79
201666662682190.822910.824.02
2007-114196712431706813.7312910.382.96
2012-16445241821102705.6420111.044.09
2007-16864913064273388.9233010.773.54
TP=Total Papers; TC=Total Citations; CPP=Citations Per Paper; ICP=International Collaborative Papers

Table 1: World and India’s Output in Arthritis Research, 2007-16. Top 12 Most Productive Countries in Global Arthritis Research:

Table 1: World and India’s Output in Arthritis Research, 2007-16. Top 12 Most Productive Countries in Global Arthritis Research: The global research output in the field of arthritis researchhad originated from more than 100 countries in the world during 2007-16. Top 12 most productive countries in arthritis researchhad contributed 2330 to22728 publications each during 2007-16 (Table 2). Top 12 most productive countries in arthritis researchaccounted for 83.27% global publication share during 2007-16. Their five-yearly output accounted for 82.67% global publication share during 2007-11which increasedto 83.82% during succeeding 5-year period 2012-16. Each of top 12 countries accounted for 2.69% to 26.29% global publication share during 2007-16, with USA accounting for the highest publication share (26.29%), followed by U.K. (10.02% share), Germany, Japan, Italy and France (from 5.16% to 6.72%), Netherlands, China and Canada (from 4.37% to 4.81%), Spain, India and Australia (from 2.69% to 3.77%0 during 2007-16.Theglobal publication share in five years increased by 3.38% in China, followed by 1.13% inIndia, Italy and Australia (0.50% each), Japan (0.31%) and Spain (0.01%), as against decrease by 2.05%in USA, 1.43% in Germany, 0.63% in U.K., 0.37% in France, 0.11% in Canada and 0.09% in Netherlands from 2007-11 to 2012- 16.

Number of PapersShare of Papers
S. No.Name of the Country
2007-112012-16207-162007-112012-16207-16
1USA11476112622273827.3525.2926.29
2U.K.43424328867010.359.7210.02
3Germany3129268458137.466.036.72
4Japan2318259849165.525.845.68
5Italy2175253147065.185.685.44
6France2247222044675.354.995.16
7Netherlands2038212241604.864.774.81
8China1266284641123.026.394.75
9Canada1858192237804.434.324.37
10Spain1581168132623.773.783.77
11India1243182130642.964.093.54
12Australia1023130723302.442.942.69
Total34696373227201882.6783.8283.27
World419674452486491100.00100.0100.0
Share of 12 Countries in
World Total		82.6783.8283.27

Table 2: Global Publication Share of Top 12 Most Productive Countries in Arthritis Research during 2007-16. India’s International

Table 2: Global Publication Share of Top 12 Most Productive Countries in Arthritis Research during 2007-16. India’s International Collaboration: The international collaborative share of India’s publications in arthritis research was 10.77% during 2007-16, which increased from 10.38% to 11.04% from 2007-11 to 2012-16. Among foreign countries, USA contributed the largest share of 45.15% to India’s international collaborative papers in arthritis research, followed by U.K. (19.70%), France (9.70%), Canada (8.18%), Australia and Japan (8.88% each), Japan (7.88%), Germany (7.58%), Sweden (7.27%), Netherlands and Saudi Arabia (6.67% each) during 2007- 16. The share of international collaborative papers increased by 4.58% in Netherlands, followed by 4.03% in Australia, 3.53% in Germany, 2.75% in Japan, 1.76% in Sweden, 0.71% in Canada and 0.65% in France, as against decrease by 3.30% in U.K. and 0.51% in Saudi Arabia from 2007-11 to 2012-16 (Table 3).

Number of International Collaborative
Papers		Share of International Collaborative
S. No.Collaborative CountryPapers
2007-112012-162007-162007-112012-162007-16
1USA797014961.2434.8345.15
2U.K.28376521.7118.4119.70
3France1220329.309.959.70
4Canada1017277.758.468.18
5Australia719265.439.457.88
6Japan818266.208.967.88
7Germany718255.438.967.58
8Sweden816246.207.967.27

Table 3: The Share of Top 10 Foreign Countries in India’s International Collaborative Papers during 2007-16. Subject-Wise Distrib

9Netherlands517223.888.466.67
10Saudi Arabia913226.986.476.67
Total129201330100.00100.00100.00

Table 4: The Share of Top 10 Foreign Countries in India’s International Collaborative Papers during 2007-16. Subject-Wise Distrib

Table 3: The Share of Top 10 Foreign Countries in India’s International Collaborative Papers during 2007-16. Subject-Wise Distribution of Research Output: The global arthritis research output published during 2007- 16is distributed across five sub-fields (as identified in Scopus database classification), with medicine science accounting for the highest publications share (66.09%), followed by pharmacology, toxicology &pharmaceutics (33.09%), biochemistry, genetics &molecular biology (17.43%), immunology &microbiology (10.18%) and chemistry (3.36%) during 2007-16. The activity index, which computes change in research activity in a discipline over time 2007-11 to 2012-16 (world average activity index of a given subject is taken as 100), witnessed increase in medicine (from 99.82 to 100.12), pharmacology, toxicology & pharmaceutics (from 96.27 to 102.55), biochemistry, genetics & molecular biology (from 87.24 to 108.71) and immunology & microbiology (from 94.81 to 103.54), as against decline of research activity in chemistry (from 102.91 to 98.02) from 2007-11 to 2012- 16. In terms of citation impact per paper, chemistry tops the list with CPP of 26.66, followed by biochemistry, genetics & molecular biology (12.95), immunology & microbiology (12.80), pharmacology, toxicology & pharmaceutics (10.06) and medicine (7.78) during 2007- 16 (Table 4).

Number of Papers (TP)Activity IndexTCCPP%TP
S.NoSubject*
2007-112012-162007-162007-112012-162007-162007-162007-16
1Medicine8201205202599.82100.12157597.7866.09
2Pharmacology, Toxicology &
Pharmaceutics		396618101496.27102.551019810.0633.09
3Biochemistry, Genetics &
Molecular Biology		18934553487.24108.71691512.9517.43
4Immunology & Microbiology12019231294.81103.54399412.8010.18
5Chemistry4360103102.9198.02274626.663.36
World Output124318213064100.00100.00
 There is overlapping of literature covered under various subjects
TP=Total Papers; TC=Total Citations; CPP=Citations Per Paper

Table 5: Subject-Wise Breakup of Indian Publications in Arthritis Research during 2007-16. Type of Arthritis: Among the different

Table 4: Subject-Wise Breakup of Indian Publications in Arthritis Research during 2007-16. Type of Arthritis: Among the different types of arthritis research, the largest share of papers (49.35%) were published in rheumatoid arthritis, followed by adjuvant arthritis (10.70%), tuberculosis arthritis (8.39%), osteoarthritis (7.96%), bacterial arthritis (7.83%), lupus arthritis (7.64%), juvenile arthritis (7.60%), psoriatic arthritis (3.85%), hand arthritis (2.84%), polyarthritis (2.81%), gout arthritis (2.74%) and septic arthritis (2.20%) during 2007-16. Except for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and septic arthritis, the research activity has declined in all other types of arthritis from 2007-11 to 2012-16. Bacterial arthritis registered the highest citation impact per paper (19.81), followed by osteoarthritis (16.36), lupus arthritis (12.70), tuberculosis arthritis (10.86), adjuvant arthritis (10.48), gout arthritis (9.61), rheumatoid arthritis (9.44), juvenile arthritis (6.25), psoriatic arthritis (5.40), polyarthritis (5.16) and hand arthritis (3.39) during 2007-16 (Table 5).

No. of PapersShare of Papers
S.NoType of ArthritisTCCPP
2007-112012-162007-162007-112012-162007-16
1Rheumatoid Arthritis600912151248.2750.0849.35142729.44
2Adjuvant Arthritis14718132811.839.9410.70343810.48
3Tuberculosis Arthritis1221352579.817.418.39279010.86
4Osteoarthritis1181262449.496.927.96399116.36
Knee2226481.771.431.57
Hip66120.480.330.39

Table 6: Types of Arthritis Research as reflected in Indian Output during 2007-16. Profile of Top 15 Most Productive Indian Organ

Ankle4590.320.270.29
5Bacterial Arthritis1191212409.576.647.83475419.81
6Lupus Arthritis1051292348.457.087.64297212.70
7Juvenile Arthritis1101232338.856.757.6014566.25
8Psoriatic Arthritis43751183.464.123.856375.40
9Hand Arthritis3651872.902.802.842953.39
10Polyarthritis4937863.942.032.814445.16
11Gout Arthritis4341843.462.252.748079.61
12Septic Arthritis2040601.612.201.964487.47
Total of India124318213064100.00100.00100.00

Table 7: Types of Arthritis Research as reflected in Indian Output during 2007-16. Profile of Top 15 Most Productive Indian Organ

Table 5: Types of Arthritis Research as reflected in Indian Output during 2007-16. Profile of Top 15 Most Productive Indian Organizations: In Indian arthritis research, the productivity of 15 most productive Indianorganizations varied from 27 to 136 publications and together they contributed 27.02% (828) publication share and 44.76% (12237) citation share to its cumulative publications output during 2007-16. The scientometric profile of these 15 organizations is presented in Table 6. Fourof these organizations registered publications output greater than the group average of 55.20: All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (136 papers), Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow (122 papers), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh (112 papers) and Christian Medical College, Vellore (65 papers) during 2007-15. Fiveorganizations registeredimpact above the group average of 14.78citations per publication during 2007- 16:ChhatrapatiShahujiMaharaj Medical University, Lucknow (38.93), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Mohali (24.85), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh (22.73), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (21.33) and Jamia Hamdard University, Delhi (17.6) during 2007-16. Six organizations registered h-index above the group average of 10.93: Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow (22), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (20), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh (18), Jamia Hamdard University, Delhi (13), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Mohali and Punjabi University, Patiala (11 each) during 2007-16. Seven organizations contributed international collaborative publications share above the group average of 11.59%:Christian Medical College, Vellore (23.08%), Jamia Hamdard University, Delhi (21.15%), Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad (19.51%), Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow (16.67%), Velllore Institute of Technology, Vellore (12.5%), Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow (12.3%) and Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Pondicherry (11.90%) during 2007-16. Five organizations registered the relative citation index above the group average (1.66) of all organizations: Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Lucknow (4.36), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Mohali (2.79), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh (2.55), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (2.39) and Jamia Hamdard University, Delhi (1.97) during 2007-16

S.NoName of the OrganizationTPTCCPPHIICP%ICPRCI
1All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New
Delhi		136290121.3320139.562.39
2Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical
Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow		122157912.94221512.301.45
3Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education &
Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh		112254622.73181210.712.55
4Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore654426.8091523.080.76
5Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical
Education & Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry		421684.005511.900.45

Table 8: Scientometric Profile of Top 15 Most Productive Indian Organization in Arthritis Research during 2007-16. Profile of Top

6Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS),
Hyderabad		412606.348819.510.71
7Velllore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore403619.0310512.501.01
8Punjabi University, Patiala3650013.891100.001.56
9Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education &
Research (IPGMER), Kolkata		362737.58825.560.85
10Jamia Hamdard University, Delhi5291517.60131121.151.97
11King Edward Memorial Hospital (KEMH), Mumbai312919.391000.001.05
12Medical College & Hospital (MCH), Kolkata301173.90713.330.44
13Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University (CSMMU),
Lucknow		30116838.938516.674.36
14Dr Ram Manhar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi28451.61413.570.18
15National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education &
Research (NIPER), Mohali		2767124.8511311.112.79
Total of 15 organizations8281223714.7810.939611.591.66
Total of India3064273388.92
Share of top 15 organizations in Indian total output27.0244.76
TP=Total Papers; TC=Total Citations; CPP=Citations Per Paper; HI=h-index; ICP=International Collaborative Papers;
RCI=Relative Citation Index

Table 9: Scientometric Profile of Top 15 Most Productive Indian Organization in Arthritis Research during 2007-16. Profile of Top

Table 6: Scientometric Profile of Top 15 Most Productive Indian Organization in Arthritis Research during 2007-16. Profile of Top 15 Most Productive Authors In the field of Indian arthritis research, the research productivity of top 15 most productive authors varied from 15 to 80 publications. Together they contributed 13.71% (420) global publication share and 17.36% (4747) citation share during 2007-16. The scientometric profile of these 15authors is presented in Table 7.Four authors registered publications output above the group average of 28.0:A.A.Aggarwal (80 papers), R. Misra (46 papers), V. Agarwal and A. Chopra (34 papers each) during 2007-16. Six authors registered impact above the group average of 11.30citations per publication: O. Silakari (19.35), A.A. Aggarwal (17.31), A. Chopra (15.24), M. Rasool (15.20), R. Misra (15.13) and R. Gupta (11.31) S.No Name of the Affiliation of the Author TP TC CPP HI ICP %ICP RCI Author 1 A.A. Aggarwal SGPGIMS, Lucknow 80 1385 17.31 20 7 8.75 1.94 2 R. Misra SGPGIMS, Lucknow 46 696 15.13 15 3 6.52 1.70

3 V. Agarwal Govt. Medical College &

4 A. Chopra Centre for Rheumatic

5 D. Danda CMV, Vellore 28 82 2.93 6 0 0.00 0.33 6 A. Kumar AIIMS, New Delhi 25 227 9.08 10 4 16.00 1.02 7 A. Sharma PGIMER, Chandigarh 24 105 4.38 7 3 12.50 0.49 8 S. Singh PGIMER, Chandigarh 24 130 5.42 8 2 8.33 0.61 during 2007-16. Seven authors registered h-index above the group average of 9.53 of all authors: A.A. Aggarwal (20), O. Silakari (17), R. Misra (15), A. Chopra (12), M. Rasool, A. Kumar and V. Agarwal (10 each) during 2007- 16. Nine authors contributed international collaborative publications share above the group average of 8.10% of all authors: A.Kumar(16), A.N. Malaviya (15.79), A. Chopra (14.71), S. Agrawal (13.33), R. Gupta and A. Sharma (12.50% each), M. Rasool (10.0%), A.A. Aggarwal (8.75%) and S. Singh (8.33%) during 2007-16. Five authors registered the relative citation index above the group average (1.27) of all authors: S. Singh (2.17), O. Silakari (1.94), M. Rasool (1.71), A.A. Aggarwal and V. Dhir (1.70) during 2007-16 Hospital, Chandigarh 34 297 8.74 10 1 2.94 0.98 Diseases, Pune 34 518 15.24 12 5 14.71 1.71

Name of the
S.NoAffiliation of the AuthorTPTCCPPHIICP%ICPRCI
Author
9V. DhirAIIMS, New Delhi221386.27400.000.70
10M. RasoolVIT, Vellore2030415.2010210.001.70
11A.N. MalaviyaIndian Spinal Injury Centre,
Delhi		191045.476315.790.61
12O. SilakariPunjabi University, Patiala1732919.351700.002.17
13V. AryaJIPMER, Pondicherry16855.31300.000.60
14R. GuptaAIIMS, New Delhi1618111.319212.501.27
15S. AgrawalSGPGIMS, Lucknow1516611.076213.331.24
Total of 15 authors420474711.309.53348.101.27
Total of India3064273388.92
Share of top 15 authors in
Indian total output		13.7117.36
TP=Total Papers; TC=Total Citations; CPP=Citations Per Paper; HI=h-index; ICP=International Collaborative Papers;
RCI=Relative Citation Index

Table 10: Top 15 Most Productive Journals in Indian Arthritis Research during 2007-16.

top most productive journal (with 219 papers) was Indian Journal of Rheumatology, followed by International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases (219 papers), International Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences (67 papers), International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review & Research (57 papers), etc. during 2007-16 (Table 8).

Number of Papers
S.NoName of the Journal
2007-112012-162007-16
1Indian Journal of Rheumatology111108219
2International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases215172
3International Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences115667
4 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review & Research174057
5International Journal of Pharma & Bio Sciences163753
6Indian Journal of Pediatrics212748
7Rheumatology International123345
8Clinical Rheumatology232245
9Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological & Chemical Sciences142943
10Journal of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology181937
11Journal Clinical & Diagnostic Research53237
12Journal of Association of Physicians181533
13Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical & Clinical Research25429
14BMJ Case Reports25025
15Journal of Ethnopharmacology81624
Total of 150 journals345489834
Total global journal output123517863021
Share of top 15 journals in Indian journal output27.9427.3827.61

Table 11: Top 15 Most Productive Journals in Indian Arthritis Research during 2007-16.

Highly Cited Papers: A total of 25highly cited papers were identified which received citations from 100 to 1112 during 2007-16. These 25papers together received 6410 citations, which averaged to 256.4citations per paper.Among these high cited papers, the largest foreign participation was from USA (8 papers), followed by U.K. (6 papers), Netherlands (5 papers), Canada and Germany (4 papers each), Japan, France, Sweden and Saudi Arabia (3 papers each), etc. Among the various Indian organizations involved, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow accounted for 4 papers, followed by All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh and Jamia Hamdard, Delhi (2 papers each), etc. These 25 highly cited papers were published in 22 journals, of which 4 papers were published in The Lancet and 1 paper each inAdvanced Drug Delivery Review, Asia and Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, Arthritis Research & Therapy, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Biomaterials, Colloids & Surfaces B, Current Problems in Cancer, Cytokine, Current Opinion in Pharmaceuticals, Drug Discovery Today, European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, European Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal of American Medical Association, Journal of Rheumatology, Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Medicinal Research Review, Pharmacological Reports, Seminars in Nuclear Medicine, Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy and Yale Journal of Biology & Medicine.

Summary & Conclusion

Arthritis research had originated from more than 100 countries, of which the 12 most productive countries in arthritis research accounted for 83.27% global publication share during 2007-16, which increased from 82.67% to 83.82% from 2007-11 to 2012-16. Each of top 12 countries accounted for 2.69% to 26.29% global publication share during 2007-16, with USA accounting for the highest publication share (26.29%, rank 1), followed by U.K. (10.02% share, rank 2), Germany, Japan, Italy and France (from 5.16% to 6.72%, ranks from 3-6), Netherlands, China and Canada (from 4.37% to 4.81%, rank 7-9), Spain, India and Australia (from 2.69% to 3.77%, rank 10-12) during 2007-16. The global publication share in five years increased in China, India, Italy and Australia, Japan and Spain, as against decrease in USA, Germany, U.K., France, Canada and Netherlands from 2007-11 to 2012-16.

India has published 3064 publications in arthritis research during 2007-16, increasing from 167 in the year 2007 to 268 publications in the year 2016, registering a 7.12% growth per annum. The cumulative Indian output in arthritis research increased from 1243 to 1821 publications from 2007-11 to 2012-16, registering 46.50% growth. India’s share in global output was 3.54% during 2007-16, which increased from 2.96% to 4.09% from 2007-11 to 2012-16. The average citation impact of Indian publications per paper on arthritis research was 8.92 citations, which decreased from13.73 to 5.64 from 2007-11 to 2012-16.The international collaborative share of India’s publications in arthritis research was 10.77% during 2007-16, which increased from 10.38% to 11.04% from 2007-11 to 2012-16. USA contributed the largest share of 45.15% to India’s international collaborative papers in arthritis research, followed by U.K. (19.70%), France (9.70%), Canada (8.18%), Australia and Japan (8.88% each), Japan (7.88%), Germany (7.58%), Sweden (7.27%), Netherlands and Saudi Arabia (6.67% each) during 2007-16.Medicine, among subjects contributed the highest publications share (66.09%) in India’s output followed by pharmacology, toxicology & pharmaceutics (33.09%), biochemistry, genetics & molecular biology (17.43%), immunology & microbiology (10.18%) and chemistry (3.36%) during 2007-16. On classifying arthritis research, it was observed that rheumatoid arthritis contributed the largest share of 49.35%, followed by adjuvant arthritis (10.70%), tuberculosis arthritis (8.39%), osteoarthritis (7.96%), bacterial arthritis (7.83%), lupus arthritis (7.64%), juvenile arthritis (7.60%), psoriatic arthritis (3.85%), hand arthritis (2.84%), polyarthritis (2.81%), gout arthritis (2.74%) and septic arthritis (2.20%) during 2007-16. The top 15 most productive organizations and authors together contributed 27.02% and 13.71% respectively as their share of global publication output and 44.76% and 17.36% respectively as their share of global citation output during 2007-16. Among the total journal output of 3021 papers (98.06% of total output), the top 15 journals contributed 27.61% share to the global journal output during 2007-16 which decreased from 27.94% to 27.38% from 2007-11 and 2012-16.Only 25 highly cited publications registered citations from 100 to 1112 in arthritis research and they together received 6410 citations, with 256.4 citations per paper. These 25 highly cited papers were published in 22 journals, of which 4 papers were published in The Lancet and 1 paper each in 18 other journals.

Conclude that India’s share in global output is only 3.54%, which needs to be substantially increased over the year. Its citation impact per paper is 8.92 during 2007-16. The increase in research output and citation impact can be achieved in India by identifying arthritis research as a national priority research area by government funding agencies, increasing the investment in R&D, designing suitable training programs for manpower development and boosting the international collaborative efforts with foreign countries active in research in this area.

References

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  2. WebMD (2016) The Basics of Arthritis.
  3. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS). Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases. October 2014.
  4. Lewison, Grant, Devey, ME (1999) Bibliometric methods for the evaluation of arthritis research. Rheumatology 38(1): 13-20.
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@article{gupta2017,
  title   = {Arthritis Research in India: A Scientometric Assessment of Publications Output during 2007-16},
  author  = {Gupta BM, Ahmed KKM2 and Gupta R},
  journal = {Journal of Orthopedics & Bone Disorders},
  year    = {2017},
  volume  = {1},
  number  = {6},
  doi     = {10.23880/jobd-16000135}
}
Gupta BM, Ahmed KKM2 and Gupta R (2017). Arthritis Research in India: A Scientometric Assessment of Publications Output during 2007-16. Journal of Orthopedics & Bone Disorders, 1(6). https://doi.org/10.23880/jobd-16000135
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Arthritis Research in India: A Scientometric Assessment of Publications Output during 2007-16
AU  - Gupta BM, Ahmed KKM2 and Gupta R
JO  - Journal of Orthopedics & Bone Disorders
PY  - 2017
VL  - 1
IS  - 6
DO  - 10.23880/jobd-16000135
ER  -