Review of Vishwachi (Cervical Radiculopathy) and its Management by Sahachara Taila Matra Basti

Introduction

In today’s modern era, an increasing number of people are grappling with cervical problems, primarily attributed to the widespread use of electronic devices and occupational demands. Given the pervasive nature of these challenges, avoidance is often impractical, necessitating the identification of effective curative approaches. Ayurveda, a traditional system of medicine, offers numerous remedies for Vata Vyadhi, a category to which cervical problems bear resemblance. The present study explores Ayurvedic interventions, specifically emphasizing the management of Vishwachi (Cervical Radiculopathy) through Matra Basti.

Cervical radiculopathy, marked by pressure and irritation of the cervical spine nerve root, is often linked to disc prolapse or injury. Common symptoms encompass neck pain radiating to the upper limbs, restricted neck movements, arm pain, and numbness or tingling extending into the hand and fingers. The reported annual incidence of cervical radiculopathy is 107.3 per 100,000 men and 63.5 per 100,000 women annually, predominantly during the fourth and fifth decades of life., manifests as severe, throbbing pain extending from the neck to the shoulder, arm, forearm, and digits, accompanied by numbness and muscle atrophy in the upper limbs [1].

Posing as a pressing concern, the need for an effective and safe treatment for this alarming problem is paramount. Countless analgesics have been incorporated into the modern physician’s toolkit, only to unveil their inherent limitations. Despite the expansive array of drugs in modern therapeutics aimed at managing this condition, the unfortunate aftermath reveals their proclivity for serious side effects and the potential for habit formation. The quest for a remedy that is not only efficacious but also devoid of adverse consequences remains a critical challenge in addressing this persistent issue.

Therefore, the search for safer management is of great importance. Matra Basti is indicated by almost all the Acharyas for effective management of Vata Vikara. A medicine administered through the rectal route goes into the whole body and expels out the vitiated Doshas. The Basti said to be the best treatment for Vata. Hence Matra Basti is of primary importance in the treatment of the Vishwachi.

Discussion

As we discussed above, cervical radiculopathy, a condition arising from nerve compression in the neck, significantly impacts day-to-day life. Manifesting as pain, numbness, or weakness radiating down the arm, it hampers routine activities. Simple tasks like typing, lifting, or turning the head become arduous, diminishing work efficiency. Sleep disruptions due to discomfort further exacerbate fatigue and cognitive challenges. Social interactions may suffer as individuals grapple with pain, limiting their ability to engage in recreational activities. Coping with the emotional toll of chronic pain adds another layer of complexity. Seeking timely medical intervention and adopting adaptive strategies are crucial for mitigating the profound effects of cervical radiculopathy on daily life. Treatment in the contemporary system is inadequate due to their side effects and impact only on symptoms. Allopathic medicine only gives temporary relief to the patient and becomes addictive. Spine surgery is very costly & high recurrence rate is seen after surgery. So, the principal aim is to provide a cost-effective, safe remedy for the problem. Ayurveda offers superior treatment for cervical radiculopathy, providing not only symptomatic relief but also addressing the root cause of the disease. In the Sushruta Samhita’s Chikitsa Sthana, the Raktamokshana is prescribed as a treatment for Vishwachi [9]. According to Acharyas, the treatment for Vishwachi involves comprehensive Vata Nashaka Chikitsa, as Nasya, Sneha, Sweda, Matra Basti. Basti commonly referred to as Ardha Chikitsa, stands out as an exceptional remedy for Vata Vikara, playing a pivotal role in the therapeutic process.

Due to the Snighdha Guna and Ushna Veerya of Sahachara Taila, It has Vata-Kapha Shamaka, Vednasthapana, and Shothahara properties. Barleria prionitis (Sahachara) has been recognized for its remarkable antioxidant and anti- inflammatory properties. Various studies have showcased the utilization of B. prionitis in treating inflammations. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of B. prionitis was assessed using in vitro enzyme-based cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) assays. Results indicated that the dichloromethane, petroleum ether, and ethanol extracts from leaves, stems, and roots demonstrated significant inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2, subsequently hindering prostaglandin synthesis associated with pain sensation [10].

Hence, Sahachara Taila Matra Basti can not only offer effective pain relief but also deliver permanent alleviation in Vishwachi by mitigating Vata Dosha and addressing its root cause. This approach ensures a holistic and effective treatment strategy, aligning with the principles of Ayurveda to alleviate cervical radiculopathy and promote lasting healing from its origin.

Conclusion

Vishwachi is a predominantly painful condition characterized by partial damage to nerve membranes, rendering them sensitive to mechanical and chemical stimuli. The pain in Vishwachi may manifest as either a burning superficial (dysaesthetic) type or a stabbing character. Therefore, the development of potent Vedanahara Yoga and nerve-nourishing drugs is crucial for effective management. Given that Vishwachi primarily affects the roots of the upper limbs in the Greeva (neck), the comprehensive approach involves Raktamokshana, Nasya, Abyanga, Swedana, and Niruha with Matra Basti emerging as a key component in the treatment regimen. So, the study concludes that, Sahachara Taila Matra Basti can offer effective treatment for Vishwachi, and the analgesic properties of Sahachara can contribute to pain relief. Therefore, further research-based studies are necessary to assess the efficacy of such interventions.